Sigla, Sources, Abbreviations, and Symbols
Sigla
| a |
Arabic text |
| ALGloss |
Arabic and Latin Glossary, ed. by D.N. Hasse, K. Fischer, St. Gsell, S. Hvezda, B. Jockers, R. Kiesler†, E. Sahr, J.O. Schmitt, and P. Tarras ( |
| BCD |
G. Bos, A Concise Dictionary of Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages (Leiden 2019). |
| BDAG |
F. Montanari, The Brill Dictionary of Ancient Greek, ed. by M. Goh and Ch. Schroeder (Leiden-Boston 2018). |
| BDB |
F. Brown, S.R. Driver, and C.A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament: With an Appendix containing the Biblical Aramaic, based on the Lexicon of William Gesenius as translated by E. Robinson (Repr., Oxford 1978). |
| BM |
E. Ben Yehuda, Millon ha-Lashon ha-Ivrit: Thesaurus Totius Hebraitatis et Veteris et Recentioris, 17 vols. (Repr., Tel Aviv 1948–1959). |
| BMC |
Maimonides, On Coitus: A New Parallel Arabic-English Edition and Translation, ed. and trans. by G. Bos, with editions of Medieval Hebrew translations by G. Bos, Medieval Latin translations by Ch. Burnett, and a Slavonic translation by W.F. Ryan and M. Taube (Leiden 2018). |
| BMMG |
Maimonides, Medical Aphorisms: Glossary & Indexes, ed. by G. Bos (Leiden 2021). |
| BMMN |
Maimonides, Medical Aphorisms: Hebrew Translation by Nathan ha-Meʾati, ed. by G. Bos (Leiden 2020). |
| BMMZ |
Maimonides, Medical Aphorisms: Hebrew Translation by Zeraḥyah ben Isaac ben Sheʾaltiel Ḥen, ed. by G. Bos (Leiden 2020). |
| BnF |
Bibliothèque nationale de France |
| D |
R.P.A. Dozy, Supplément aux Dictionnaires arabes, 2nd ed., 2 vols. (Leiden 1927). |
| DMLBS |
R.E. Latham, D.R. Howlett, and R.K. Ashdowne (eds.), Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, 3 vols. (London 1975–2013). |
| DOM |
W.-D. Stempel, Dictionnaire de l’Occitan médieval (Tübingen 1996). |
| EM |
Abraham Even-Shoshan, Ha-Millon he-Ḥadash (Repr., 7 vols., Jerusalem 1983). |
| EP |
I. Efros, Philosophical Terms in the Moreh Nevukhim (New York 1966). |
| FAB |
J. Feliks, The Animal World of the Bible (Tel Aviv 1962). |
| FAL |
A. Fonahn, Arabic and Latin Anatomical Terminology Chiefly from the Middle Ages (Kristiana 1922). |
| FEW |
W. von Wartburg, Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (Bonn 1922–). |
| FL |
G.W. Freytag, Lexicon Arabico-Latinum, 4 vols. (Halis Saxonum 1830–1837). |
| FWM |
F. Wallis, Medieval Medicine: A Reader (Toronto 2010). |
| GDLI |
G. Bàrberi Squarotti and S. Battaglia, Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, 21 vols. (Turin 1961–2002). |
| GIC 1 |
Guigonis de Caulhiaco (Guy de Chauliac), Inventarium sive Chirurgia Magna, vol. 1: Text, ed. by M.R. McVaugh (Leiden 1997). |
| GIC 2 |
Guigonis de Caulhiaco (Guy de Chauliac), Inventarium sive Chirurgia Magna, vol. 2: Commentary, ed. by M.R. McVaugh (Leiden 1997). |
| HGA |
J. Hirschberg, Geschichte der Augenheilkunde, vol. 2: Geschichte der Augenheilkunde im Mittelalter—I: Geschichte der Augenheilkunde bei den Arabern (Leipzig 1908); repr. in: Augenheilkunde im Islam: Texte, Studien und Übersetzungen, vol. 3, = Veröffentlichungen des Institutes für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften, Reihe B, Nachdrucke, Abt. Medizin III, 3, ed. by F. Sezgin (Frankfurt am Main 1986). |
| IJZ 7 |
Ibn al-Jazzār, Zād al-musāfir wa-qūt al-ḥāḍir (Provisions for the Traveller and Nourishment for the Sedentary): Book 7 (7–30): Critical Edition of the Arabic Text with English Translation and Critical Edition of Moses ibn Tibbon’s Hebrew Translation (Ṣedat ha-Derakhim), ed. and trans. by G. Bos (Leiden 2015). |
| JD |
M. Jastrow, A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Bavli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Repr., 2 vols., New York 1950). |
| JTS |
Jewish Theological Seminary |
| KB |
L. Koehler and W. Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, rev. by W. Baumgartner and J.J. Stamm, with assistance from B. Hartmann, Z. Ben-Hayyim, E.Y. Kutscher, and Ph. Reymond, ed. and trans. under the supervision of M.E.J. Richardson, 5 vols. (Leiden 1994–2000). |
| KDS |
D. Kaufmann, Die Sinne: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Physiologie und Psychologie im Mittelalter aus hebräischen und arabischen Quellen, repr. in: idem, Die Spuren al-Baṭaljûsi’s (Budapest 1880), Studien über Salomon ibn Gabirol (Budapest 1899), and Die Sinne (Budapest 1884), with an introduction by L. Jacobs (Farnborough 1972). |
| KTA |
S. Krauss, Talmudische Archäologie, 3 vols. (Leipzig 1910–1912). |
| KTP |
J. Klatzkin, Thesaurus Philosophicus linguae hebraicae et veteris et recentioris (Repr., 4 pts. in 2 vols., New York 1968). |
| L |
Latin text |
| LDM |
L. Demaitre, Medieval Medicine: The Art of Healing, from Head to Toe (Santa Barbara 2013). |
| LF |
I. Löw, Die Flora der Juden, 4 vols. (Repr., Hildesheim 1967). |
| Low |
A. Lowinger, ‘Register of Hebrew and Aramaic Terms,’ ed. and trans. by S. Paley, in: J. Preuss, Biblisch-talmudische Medizin: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Heilkunde und der Kultur überhaupt (Repr., New York 1971). |
| LS |
A Latin Dictionary founded on Andrews’ Edition of Freund’s Latin Dictionary, rev., enl., and in great part rewr. by Ch.T. Lewis and Ch. Short (Oxford 1966). |
| LW |
J. Levy, Wörterbuch über die Talmudim und Midraschim, nebst Beiträgen von H. Leberecht Fleischer, 2nd ed., mit Nachträgen und Berichtigungen von L. Goldschmidt, 4 vols. (Berlin 1924). |
| MD |
A.M. Masie, Dictionary of Medicine and Allied Sciences: Latin-English-Hebrew, ed. by S. Tchernichowsky (Jerusalem 1934). |
| MIG |
Marwān ibn Janāḥ, On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs (Kitāb al-Talkhīṣ): Edition, Translation, and Commentary with Special Reference to the Ibero-Romance Terminology, by G. Bos, F. Käs, M. Lübke, and G. Mensching, 2 vols. (Leiden 2020). |
| ND |
J. Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary in English: 1375–1550, 2 vols. (Abingdon-New York 2016). |
| NM 1 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the 13th Century: Translations by Hillel ben Samuel of Verona, Moses ben Samuel ibn Tibbon, Shem Tov ben Isaac of Tortosa, and Zeraḥyah ben Isaac ben She’altiel Ḥen, = Journal of Semitic Studies, suppl. 27 (Oxford 2011). |
| NM 2 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the 13th Century, vol. 2 = Journal of Semitic Studies, suppl. 30 (Oxford 2013). |
| NM 3 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology: Hippocrates’ Aphorisms in the Hebrew Tradition, = Journal of Semitic Studies, suppl. 37 (Oxford 2016). |
| NM 4 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the 13th Century, vol. 4 (Leiden 2019). |
| NM 5 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages, vol. 5 (Leiden 2022). |
| NM 6 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages, vol. 6 (Leiden 2023). |
| NM 7 |
G. Bos, Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages, vol. 7 (Leiden 2024). |
| PESHAT |
Premodern Philosophic and Scientific Hebrew Terminology in Context: An Online Thesaurus, ed. by R. Leicht and G. Veltri ( |
| RAC |
R. Alcalay, The Complete Hebrew-English Dictionary (Ramat Gan-Jerusalem 1965). |
| RL |
Fr. Raynouard, Lexique roman: Ou dictionnaire de la langue des troubadours comparée avec les autres langues de l’Europe latine, 5 vols. (Heidelberg 1970). |
| RSL |
Russian State Library |
| SDA |
M. Sokoloff, A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic Period, 2nd ed. (Ramat Gan 2020). |
| SRP |
C. Singer and C. Rabin, Prelude to Modern Science: Being a Discussion of the History, Sources and Circumstances of the ‘Tabulae anatomicae sex’ of Vesalius (Cambridge 1946). |
| UW |
M. Ullmann, Wörterbuch zu den griechisch-arabischen Übersetzungen des neunten Jahrhunderts (Wiesbaden 2002). |
| WKAS |
Wörterbuch der klassischen arabischen Sprache, ed. by Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft (Wiesbaden 1957–). |
Biblical Sources
| Ecc |
Ecclesiastes |
| Is |
Isaiah |
| Lev |
Leviticus |
| Prov |
Proverbs |
| Ps |
Psalms |
Abbreviations
| Ablat. |
ablativus |
| Abs. |
absolutus |
| a.o. |
among others |
| add. |
added |
| Acc. |
accusative |
| acc. to |
according to |
| Adj. |
adjective |
| approx. |
approximately |
| Arab. |
Arabic |
| Aram. |
Aramaic |
| Bibl. Hebr. |
Biblical Hebrew |
| c. |
circa |
| conj. |
conjugation |
| corr. |
correction |
| ed. |
edition |
| e.g. |
exempli gratia |
| emend. ed. |
emendation by the editor |
| esp. |
especially |
| et al. |
et alli |
| f. |
feminine |
| fol./fols. |
folio(s) |
| Ger. |
Gerundium |
| Gr. |
Greek |
| g |
gram(s) |
| h.l. |
hoc loco |
| ibid. |
ibidem |
| i.e. |
id est |
| Inf. |
infinitive |
| Ital. |
Italian |
| Jud.-Arab. |
Judeo-Arabic |
| l./ll. |
line(s) |
| Lat. |
Latin |
| lit. |
literally |
| M. Engl. |
Middle English |
| M. Fr. |
Middle French |
| M. Lat. |
Middle Latin |
| Ms/Mss |
manuscript(s) |
| Ms1 |
marginal note in Ms |
| Ms2 |
supralinear note in Ms |
| O. Cat. |
Old Catalan |
| O. Fr. |
Old French |
| O. Ital. |
Old Italian |
| o.l. |
other language |
| om. |
omitted |
| O. Occ. |
Old Occitan |
| Part. |
participle |
| Pass. |
passive |
| Perf. |
perfect |
| perh. |
perhaps |
| Pers. |
Persian |
| Plur. |
plural |
| poss. |
possibly |
| Rabb. |
Rabbinic |
| re: |
as related to |
| Rom. |
Romance |
| sim. |
similar |
| Sing. |
Singular |
| s.v. |
sub voce |
| trans. |
translation |
| var./vars. |
variant(s) |
| vers. |
version |
| vol./vols. |
volume(s) |
Symbols/Special Characters:
| ℈ |
the twenty-fourth part of an ounce |
| þ |
Middle English for Modern English th |