Index of Geographic and Ethnic Names
Acheloos, river
155, 170, 288, 300, 302
Adamclisi
100
Adrianople
64
Al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula)
186
Alans
91, 93, 187, 193, 231, 243, 269, 311, 319.
Iasians; Jászok
Albania
180
Albanians
239
Algiers
46
Alma, river
27
Alps
190
Altai
310
Altaic peoples
312–13, 317
Aluston
232
Amsterdam
279
Ananyiv
210
Anatolia
2, 40, 186, 315.
Asia Minor
Anglo-Saxons
165
Arab Caliphate
258
Arabs
181, 236
Aral Sea
190, 314
Arcadiopolis
173
Argeș, river
85
Armenians
239, 243, 271
Asia
19, 187
Central
28, 53, 78, 187, 213, 258, 310–11, 318
Inner
317
Asia Minor
10, 58, 185, 296, 308, 315, 321.
Anatolia
Astrakhan
15
ʿSY, people from the Schechter Letter
319
Atel (Itil)
282, 312
Atelkuz (Ἀτελκοὐζου )
31, 77, 272, 299
Athens
116, 136, 165, 274, 286
Austria
1, 15
Austria-Hungary
265
Avars
70, 94, 144, 173, 293, 319
Azerbaijani
252
Azov (Sea of Azov), Azov region
223, 226, 232, 301
Babei
216
Bä-čän-äk, Bacanâk
52.
Pechenegs
Bachkovo
245
Bahate
216
Bajanakīya
315.
Patzinakia
Bakhchysarai
7
Baku
253
Bala Becenek
40
Balaton, lake
91
Balchik
144, 146, 157
Balkans (Balkan Peninsula)
1, 2, 5, 24, 28, 39–41, 45, 47, 48, 52, 57, 68, 78, 113, 116, 132–33, 135, 143, 147, 157, 160, 163, 165–67, 176–77, 180, 184–85, 187–88, 204, 217, 234, 239–40, 250, 265, 271, 281, 290, 292, 298, 304, 306, 309–10, 312, 315–16, 323, 325–26, 328
Banat
36, 118, 121, 130–31
Baqla
232
Basarabi
253.
Murfatlar
Bashkortostan
204
Basques
6
Bdintsi
146
Becenek
40
Becenek Boğazı
40
Beğenāk, al-
187.
Pechenegs
Belgrade
5, 48, 157, 183–84
Bender
210
Berendei
56, 196
Berlin
69, 74, 95, 265, 324
Beroe (Ostrov, Tulcea County)
127
Beroia (Stara Zagora)
5, 179
Besenyő(k)/Bisseni
31, 84.
Pechenegs
Bessarabia
27, 73, 221
Biçenak, village
255
Bilbao
6
Blachernae (suburb in the northwestern section of Constantinople)
285
Black Bulgars
301, 319
Black Hoods (Qaraqalpaq)
196, 314
Black Sea (Πόντος Εὔξεινος )
1, 16, 23, 30, 62, 71, 81, 83, 84, 98, 130, 155–56, 164–65, 169, 186, 190–91, 251, 256, 268–69, 283, 289, 298, 315, 321
Straits
7, 15, 16, 24.
Bosporus Strait; Dardanelles
Blaj
44
Blökumannaland
38
BM, people from the Schechter Letter
319
Bolhrad
210
Bolshoy Uzen, river
204
Bonn
66
Bosnia
183–84, 187
Bosporos, Bosporus (Medieval Greek name for Kerch)
222, 232–33
Bosporus Strait
323
Brăila
121
Brăneşti, village
218
Branichevo (Viminacium, Βρανίτζοβα )
157, 183
British Commonwealth
268
British Isles
306
Brussels
265
Bucharest
47, 96, 102, 111, 121, 127, 130, 136, 168, 267, 269, 270, 324
Budapest
29, 32, 35, 69, 77, 276
Budjak, historical region
209, 212, 216, 254
Northern Bukovyna
73
Bulaqs
79
Bulgaria, Bulgarian Empire, Asen state, medieval state
1, 18, 23, 41, 47, 49, 50–52, 55, 67, 68, 95, 110, 133, 137, 161–63, 167, 170, 172–74, 176, 181, 189, 236–39, 264, 283, 288, 305, 326.
First Bulgarian Empire; Second Bulgarian Empire
Bulgaria, Βουλγαρία (theme)
4, 46, 47, 107, 127, 129, 154, 157
Bulgaria, present day state
5, 20, 33, 41, 71, 73, 74, 88, 89, 104–5, 126, 132, 134, 136–38, 142–46, 148–49, 153, 155, 157, 159, 165, 207, 217, 235, 265, 324
Bulgarians, Bulgarian people
7, 43, 49–52, 70, 74, 102, 137–38, 162, 165–66, 169, 173, 177, 189, 212, 239, 271, 288, 290, 292–93, 319, 326
Bulgars
28, 70, 137, 181, 187, 193, 317, 319.
Proto-Bulgarians
Burgas
150
Burtas
81
Buryat-Mongols
260
Buzău
121
Byzantine Empire (Byzantium, Rȗma, ar-Rūm)
2, 4–20, 23, 24, 35, 38, 40, 44–50, 52–55, 57, 59, 60, 62, 63, 65, 66, 68–72, 76, 79, 83, 84, 87, 88, 92, 94, 100, 103, 107–8, 111–13, 115–16, 120, 126–27, 129–33, 136–37, 163–69, 172–74, 176–82, 184–85, 187–88, 190–91, 196, 198, 204, 217–19, 223–25, 230, 232, 235–40, 242–43, 245–47, 250, 256, 261, 264–75, 278, 284–85, 288–90, 292, 294, 298, 301–5, 307–8, 312–13, 315–16, 318–19, 323–28
Byzantines
102, 116, 179, 242, 251, 271, 285, 287, 291, 293, 295–96, 299, 305, 309.
Rhomaioi; Romans
Çabi, village
255
Cahul
210
Călărași
121
Callatis (Mangalia)
103
Cambridge
269, 284, 290, 317
Camenca
216
Capidava
99, 100, 103, 136, 157–68, 291
Cârnăţeni, village
210
Carpathian Basin
80, 88, 90, 95
Carpathian Ruthenia
73
Carpathians
111, 126, 249, 323
Caspian Sea
194, 261, 321
Caucasus
4, 59, 213, 258, 260, 269
Celts
296.
Franks
Cernavodă
103
Chaban (Čopon, Τζοπόν ), Pecheneg tribe
33
Cherson (Chersonesus, Χερςωνος )
222, 224–26, 232–33, 289, 319, 321
Cherven
139
Chilia, branch of Danube delta
190, 219, 222
China (Çin)
52, 207
Chișinău
217
Chuvashes
317
Codru uplands
209
Cogâlnic, river
27, 204
Constanţa
100, 122
Constantinople
1, 2, 10, 12, 23, 41, 48, 50, 54, 64, 108, 126–28, 132, 136, 162, 165–67, 174, 180, 220–21, 226, 238–39, 247, 268, 270–71, 276, 288–89, 292–95, 297, 301–2, 305, 307–8, 316, 321, 324.
Istanbul
Copenhagen
181, 289
Čortanovci
183
Crimea (Crimean Peninsula)
25, 54, 62, 64, 95, 190–91, 205, 222–24, 226, 228–34, 254, 269, 283, 299, 301, 315, 323.
Taurica
Crimean Tatars
252
Croatia
66
Croats
292
Csángó
44
Cumania Major (Nagykunság)
32
Cumans, Quman
1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 11–15, 20, 21–23, 27–32, 34, 37–40, 44, 46, 48–52, 56, 57, 65, 66, 68, 70, 76–78, 81, 87, 89–91, 93–95, 98, 103–4, 106–7, 109, 115–16, 120, 123, 126, 128, 130, 132–33, 136–37, 148, 150, 156, 162, 165, 167, 172, 175–77, 179–80, 182–84, 186–88, 190–91, 195, 201–2, 207, 212, 214–16, 218, 220, 222–23, 225, 229–30, 233, 235–36, 243, 245–47, 249–52, 255–56, 263–64, 268, 285, 287, 296, 298, 305, 308–12, 315, 317, 319–21, 323–24, 326, 328.
Polovtsi, Kipchaks, Kuns
Ćuprija
183
Czecho-Slovakia
56
Dacians
113
Dalmatia
132
Danube, Danube region, river
2, 4, 10, 11, 24, 26, 36, 41, 45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 59, 80, 85, 90, 91, 97, 98, 100, 102, 104–8, 110, 113–18, 120–21, 124–25, 127–30, 132–34, 136–37, 139, 145, 148–49, 156–57, 159, 164–69, 174, 177–79, 190–91, 204, 210, 212, 214, 219–20, 222, 232, 236, 242, 247–49, 263, 266–70, 272, 274, 285–86, 289–91, 297–98, 323–26, 328.
Ister
Danube-Black Sea Canal
99, 100, 189
Danubian Plain
107, 113, 114
Dardanelles (strait)
323
Demir Kapija
149
Dervent
104, 291
Dim, river
204
Dinogetia (Gărvan, Tulcea county)
99, 100, 102–3, 114, 128, 136, 149, 157–58, 291
Dnieper, river
26, 62, 85, 200, 235, 272, 284, 289, 299, 301
Dniester, river
24, 26, 27, 85, 97, 105, 148–49, 174, 191, 204, 207–8, 212, 214–19, 221, 247–49
Dobrich, city and province
142, 150
Dobruja
41, 44, 51, 100, 102–4, 107–9, 111, 114, 116, 118, 126–29, 133–34, 140, 147, 153, 155–57, 167, 171, 174, 234, 324
Northern Dobruja
98, 116
Southern Dobruja (Cadrilater)
41, 73
Dojbany-2, village
216
Dolno Sakhrane
149
Don, river
85, 148–49, 200, 203, 205, 230, 232, 258, 299, 301, 310, 315
Donbas
62
Dridu, village
96
Dubossary district
216
Dumbarton Oaks, historic estate
266, 273, 327
Durankulak
146
Durlești
216
Durostorum (Dorostolon, Drŭstŭr, Drastar, Dristra)
47, 116, 126, 142, 144, 149, 151–52, 155–57, 159, 179, 285, 291.
Silistra
East (Orient)
6, 24, 69, 94, 95, 100, 168, 252, 296, 311
Eastern Roman Empire
271, 307.
Byzantine Empire
Eastern Slavs
60, 74, 208, 212, 249
Ekaterinoslav, province
27
Enisala (Heracleea)
100
Etulia
216
EU (European Union)
95, 326
Euchaita
173
Eurasia
193, 198, 200, 207, 229, 254, 262, 312, 317, 319
Europe
1, 12, 15, 19, 39, 45, 53, 55, 58, 60, 62, 69, 71, 78, 80, 84, 85, 131, 140, 187–88, 190, 250, 256, 264–65, 304, 313, 323, 326–27
Central
1, 5, 28, 73, 80, 83, 239, 323–24, 327
Eastern
1, 5, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 25, 28, 31, 34, 41, 56, 57, 64, 65, 80, 82, 83, 95, 114, 138, 188, 190, 192, 196, 198–99, 206, 266, 268, 283–84, 288, 311, 318–19, 323–24, 327–28
Northern
321
Southeastern
1, 4–6, 20, 28, 34, 73, 135, 159, 239, 244, 323, 327–28
Western
12, 14, 18, 92
Fejér, county
91
Fertő, lake
91
Finno-Ugric peoples
31, 311
First Bulgarian Empire
36, 41, 46, 113, 120, 139–40, 166–67, 170, 212, 268.
Bulgaria
Fischa, river
311
Flemish people
38
Florida
134
France
6
Franks
38, 181
Gagauzes
44, 48, 49, 52, 137, 252, 262–63
Gajal, ethnic minority
137
Galați
121
Gamzigrad
183
Ganos (Γάνος )
233
Garvan, village in Silistra province
142, 146
Genoese people
223
Georgians
243
Getae
113
Ghiolul Pietrei, archaeological site near cognominal lake
127
Giessen
311–12
Gigen
142, 144, 158
Golden Horde
114, 198–200, 262
Golu (Banului), island
103
Goths
54, 223
Great Bulgaria
262
Great Morava Valley
185
Greece
41, 180, 183, 265
Greeks
84, 98, 140, 243
Haemus (Haemus Mons, Balkan Mountains)
166, 178, 290–91
Halle
297
Hamburg
40
Hansca
149, 212–13, 216, 218
Hârșova
128, 157
Haskovo
142
Hebrus (Maritsa), river
12, 14, 18
Herzegovina
184, 187
Hisarlaka
142
Hlinaia
216
Holy Land
185
Holy Roman Empire
185
Hundred Hills, historical region
134
Hungarians, Hungarian tribes
2, 31, 35, 49, 69, 77, 80, 81, 83–85, 87, 90, 92–94, 104, 131, 149, 173, 187, 189, 288–89, 291, 295, 299, 321, 326.
Magyars; Ούγγροι ; Τούρκοι
Hungary, Hungarian state
5, 20, 22, 30, 33, 36, 44, 56, 57, 64, 66, 71, 73–76, 79–81, 83–85, 87–89, 91–95, 104, 149, 172–73, 178, 182, 185, 235, 265, 288–90, 311–12, 319, 323, 326
Huns
33, 70, 173, 317
Hutsuls
44
Ialomiţa, county
121
Ialomiţa, river
85, 111
Ialoveni district
218
Iași
118
Iasians
93, 319.
Alans; Jászok
Ilek, river
204
Ioannina
181
Iran
40, 58
Irkutsk
69
Irpin′, river
26
Isaccea
100, 128, 130, 149
Iskra (Kargalar)
142, 144
Ismailites
296
Istanbul
15, 188
Ister, river
284.
Danube
Italy
285
Izmail
210
İzmir
187
Jászok, Jász people
1, 31, 91, 93.
Alans; Iasians
Jerusalem
270
Jiu, river
85
Kabars (Kavars)
131, 311
Kadarians
25
Kakhovka Reservoir
226
Kalavrye
306
Kaleto Hill (in Odŭrtsi village)
147
Kaliakra
144, 146, 156
Kalipetrovo, village
126
Kalka, river (today supposedly Kalchik)
249
Kanagyol (Canora), river
156
Kangar(s) (Xangār, Kangarāyē), tribe
77, 318
Karcag
32, 35
Karcag–Ködszállás, puszta (steppe)
35
Karluks
318
Kavarna
146
Kazakhs
252, 260, 263
Kazakhstan
257, 260
Kazan
262
Kék-kends
311
Kerch, city
226
Kerch Peninsula
226
Kerch Strait
234
Khalizs
311
Kharkiv
261
Khazar Khaganate, Khazaria
1, 4, 193, 232, 269, 288, 299, 315–16, 319, 321
Khazars
28, 70, 77, 81, 131, 173, 181–82, 190, 192–94, 223, 231–32, 298–99, 301, 304, 311–15, 320
Khitovo
146
Khorasan
256
Khwarezm
256, 315, 321
Kiliya
156
Kimaks
263, 318
Kimek, tribe
201
Kipchaks, Qıpçaq
22, 43, 78, 254, 256, 262–63, 311.
Cumans
Kladentsi
146
Koule
179
Kovačica
183
Kovin
183
Krasnoyarsk
69
Krivina
144, 148
Kuban region
232
Kulikovo Field
249
Kuns, Qun
31, 311.
Cumans
Kyiv (Kiev)
21, 59, 100, 173, 238, 247, 262, 316
Kyrgyz
260, 263
Lacul Tei
121
Latins (Western Christians)
11
Lebounion (Levounion)
133, 178, 306
Leipzig
70
Leitha, river
311
Leningrad
208.
St. Petersburg
Levédia (Levedia, Λεβεδία )
30, 77, 299
Likostomo (Chilia)
124
Limbari-Căprăria, archaeological site
149, 218
Little Russia, Governorate
283
Logăneşti
212–13
London
65, 265
Lovech
127, 149
Macedonia
83, 157
Măcin
52, 128
Magyars, Magyarok
1, 28–30, 32, 34, 64, 65, 70, 83, 84, 98, 141, 167, 173, 174, 181, 192, 231, 250, 292–93, 299, 302.
Hungarians; Τούρκοι
Maksimovka
197
Maly Uzen, river
204
Mangup
232
Manzikert
304
Mărculeşti-Viişoara
103
Mashhad
40
Matichane
149
Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean region
15, 168, 269
Mednikarovo
148
Melnik
139
Mezőföld, region
92
Middle East
244
Mircea Vodă, village
98
Moesia
157, 284
Moldavia (Moldova), region
37, 97, 105, 107–8, 111, 114, 118–19, 121, 209, 212, 254
Moldova, Republic of, RM, modern state
39, 89 105, 149 194, 200, 207–8, 210, 213, 215–17, 235, 248–49.
Moldova, Republic of
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, MSSR (Moldavian SSR, Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic)
207, 211, 248
Moleşti
212–13, 216
“Mongol-Tatars”, Mongols
19, 78, 81, 85, 249–50, 263, 328
Moravia
292
Moscow
15, 208, 262, 283–84
MQDWN, people or state from the Schechter Letter
319
Munich
69, 266
Muntenia
97, 108–9, 127
Murfatlar (Basarabi)
100, 101, 103, 140–41, 143, 313
Muscovy
55, 255
Nagyszentmiklós
33, 187, 253.
Sânnicolau Mare
Nava Cherna
146
Niculițel
100
Nikopol
139
Nish
127, 149, 157
North
296
North Crimean Canal
222, 226–27
North Macedonia, present day state
88, 149, 180
Nova Cherna
142
Novi Pazar, sanjak
1
Noviodunum (Isaccea)
100, 126–27, 291
Novosibirsk
262
Nozharevo
142, 146
Nufăru
126–28, 157, 291
Nyéks
311
Odessa region
211
Odŭrtsi
142, 144, 146–49, 204, 234
Oghuzes (Oghuz tribes, Oguzs, Ghuzzes, Oghuz Turks)
39, 40, 58, 79, 81, 93, 94, 180, 186, 190, 193, 195, 198, 201–5, 255–56, 262, 314–16, 318–19.
Uzes; Torks
Oghuz state
317
Ohrid
112, 266–68, 272
Okorsh
142
Old Great Bulgaria
262
Olsava, river
311
Olt, river
85
Oltenia
97, 108, 127
Opacii, village
210
Oreanda-Isar
232
Orel, river
204
Ottoman Turks
84, 315
Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Porte
176, 265, 292.
Sublime Porte
Ovče Pole
127
Oxford
18, 102, 124, 136, 140, 239, 266–67, 276, 299, 324
Păcuiul lui Soare
100, 104, 116, 128, 136, 156–57, 272
Pamphylon
153
Pančevo
183
Panea (Ai-Panda, Simeiz)
232
Pannonia
1, 30, 250
Pannonian Basin
92
Paris
65, 69, 265, 283–84, 298, 327
Paristrion (Παρίστριον , Paradunavon), theme
4, 37, 42, 47, 48, 107, 113, 126–29, 132, 154, 171, 174–75, 177, 179, 267, 292, 294
Partenit
232–33
Partium
36
Patzinaks (Πατζινάκοι )
1, 134, 307.
Pechenegs
Patzinakia (Patzinacia, Πατζινακία )
2, 126, 132–33, 152, 204, 222
Peçene
40
Peceneaga, village
107
Peçenek
40
Pecheneg khaganate
315
Pechenegs, Pečenegs, Pecheneg tribes
1, 2, 5–23, 25, 28–35, 37–40, 44, 46, 48–50, 52, 56–60, 62–64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 76–78, 80, 81, 83–85, 87, 89–95, 97, 98, 101, 102, 104–8, 112–16, 121, 123, 126–37, 140–42, 144–49, 151–59, 162, 165, 167, 170–88, 190–91, 193, 195–98, 200–5, 207, 209, 212–16, 218, 221–23, 225–27, 229–40, 242–43, 245–47, 249–53, 255–56, 264, 268–69, 272–73, 277–78, 284–321, 323–24, 326–28.
Bacanâk; al-Beğenāk; Besenyő(k); Patzinaks
Peloponnesos
180
Pernik
139
Pezinavöllu
38
Philippopolis (Plovdiv)
66, 148
Pliska
24, 139, 142, 144, 147, 149, 157–58, 313
Poland
95, 303–5, 313, 326
Polovtsi (Polovtsy)
9, 20, 22, 57, 190, 196, 198, 323.
Cumans
Pomoravlje district
183
Popina
142, 146
Poróssya (river Ros′ region)
318
Požarevac
183
Prague
53, 59, 110
Preslav
139, 144, 148–49, 154–55, 165, 274, 291
Presthlavitsa
291
Professor Ishirkovo, village
159
Proto-Bulgarians
94, 139, 142–44, 168, 187, 317.
Bulgars
Prut, river
85, 190–91, 207–8, 210, 212, 214–16, 218–19
PYYNYL, people from the Schechter Letter
319
Qaçı, river
27
Qanglı
78
Qıpçaq, mount
254
Ravno (Ćuprija)
183
Rhomaioi, Romei
65, 270.
Romans; Byzantines
Roman Empire
132, 164, 265
Romania, Romanian People’s Republic
5, 20, 36, 71, 73–75, 80, 88, 89, 96, 103–5, 108, 110–11, 122–25, 135–36, 138, 149, 155, 160, 235, 265, 323–24, 326
Romanians, Romanian people, Romanian population
7, 38, 42, 43, 45, 74, 98, 102–3, 110–15, 120, 135–36, 189, 326
Romans
293, 296.
Rhomaioi; Byzantines
Rome
69, 223, 270–71, 308
Ros′, river
26, 318
Rus′ (Ῥωσια , Rhosia)
1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15, 19, 44, 49, 56, 57, 59, 60, 65, 74, 95, 100, 120, 173, 179–82, 223–25, 230, 237–40, 242–43, 246–47, 249–50, 255–56, 261, 264, 284, 288–90, 298–99, 301–2, 312, 315–16, 319–21, 325–26
Drevlianian′
59
Kyivan
4, 208, 255
Polianian′
59
Rusenovo
146
Russia (Muscovy, Russian Empire)
15, 16, 20, 21, 24, 55, 58, 62, 66, 71, 74, 208, 236, 254–55, 258, 283, 323, 326
Russia, Russian Federation, present day state
192, 235, 247
Russian people
190
Ruyno
142
Săiţi, village
210
Saloniki
157.
Thessaloniki
Samanid state
315
Samara, city and region
204
Samara, river
204
Sânnicolau Mare
33, 187, 253.
Nagyszentmiklós
Saqsīn
312.
Atel
Sarajevo
1
Sărata, river
27
Saratov, city and region
204
Saraylı Qıyat
228
Sarkel
62, 149, 192–93, 298–99
Sárvíz, river
35, 91, 92
Sasanid state
315
Sava, river
183
Scythians (Σκύϑαι )
51, 64, 66, 134, 227, 244, 251, 287, 293, 295–96
Second Bulgarian Empire
2, 41, 44, 51, 137, 139, 166, 292.
Bulgaria
Seljuks (Seljuk Turks)
2, 10, 11, 19, 54, 70, 84, 158, 180, 196, 296, 309, 315
Serbia
66, 88, 149, 155 ,180, 183–84, 265
Serbs
7, 43, 292
Serdica
127
Seret, river
204
Shabo
216
Shumen
151
Siberia
94, 260
Silistra
42, 50, 126.
Durostorum
Silistra, province
142
Simferopol
27, 227
Siret, river
85, 299
Siverskyǐ Donets, river
27, 85, 204, 231
Skala
142, 144, 156, 157
Slavs, Slavic people, Slavic population
10, 14, 31, 37, 48, 74, 95, 97, 104, 112, 135, 137, 139, 149, 189–90, 208, 209, 211, 220, 224, 226, 249, 252, 255, 292, 312
Sliven (Khisarlŭka)
144, 146
Slobozia
121, 216
Slovakia
176
Sofia
157, 302
Sogdians
320
Sougdaia (Sugdea, Sugdaea, Σουγδαΐα )
25, 232–33.
Sudak
Southern Buh, river
85, 204, 299
Southern Slavs
182, 212
Soviet Union
5, 73, 235, 257–58.
USSR
Spanţov
128
Sremska Mitrovica
183
St. Petersburg
265.
Leningrad
Stari Kostolac, village
183
Staro Selo
142
Staroselets
149
Struma, river
157
Stŭrmen
144
Sublime Porte
265.
Ottoman Empire
Sudak
25, 233–34.
Sougdaia
Sŭdievo
142
Sukha Reka, river
156
Surguch, ethnic minority
48, 137
Syr Darya, river
314
Syria
40
Syvash, lake
226–28
Szeged
80, 81
Szeklers
311
Taman hillfort
234
Taman Peninsula
5, 223, 230
Tarhanqut Peninsula
254
Tatars
37, 78, 190, 305
Tauri, Scythian tribe
231
Taurica
224, 230–31.
Crimea
Tatarbunary
209
Teleorman, county
122
Teleorman, river
111
Terebovlia
14
Thessaloniki, Thessalonica
182.
Saloniki
Thessaly
290
Thrace
157, 182, 290
Tiraspol
210
Tisza, river
222
Tivertsi, tribe
208
Tmutarakan (Tamatarcha)
15, 179, 232, 234, 301
Todireni
119
Tolna, county
91
Tomaševac
183
Topola
142, 146
Torks, Torki, Torks-Uzes
1, 9, 21, 22, 26, 27, 31, 56, 70, 79, 190, 193, 195–97, 204, 207, 213–15, 221, 249, 314–15, 319, 323.
Oghuzes
Toqsaba, clan name
255
Transcaucasia
229
Transoxiana (Mā Warāʾ an-Nahr)
256, 314
Transylvania
36, 73, 79, 89, 112, 118, 130–31, 326
Trnjane, archaeological site
183
Troesmis
128
Tropaeum Traiani, monument
104
Tsar Asen
142, 144, 146, 156, 157
Tsimlyansky Reservoir
192
Tsimlyansky settlement
62, 192, 193
Tulcea
125, 128
Turkey
39, 40, 180, 217
Turkmens
252
Turks (Turkic tribes, Turkic peoples)
10, 38, 39, 50–52, 55, 58, 59, 69, 70, 78, 80, 83, 84, 137, 165, 176–77, 180–82, 186–87, 239, 251, 261, 263, 267, 313–15, 317
Tutrakan
144, 156
TWRQYʾ, people from the Schechter Letter
319
Tyumen
250
Ugra, river
249
Ugria
56.
see Hungary
Ukraine
20, 39, 71, 89, 200, 204, 211, 213, 223, 231, 233, 235, 323
Ukrainian SSR (Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic)
229
Ukrainian people
217
Urals (Ural Mountains)
26, 27, 62, 85, 201, 204, 310, 315, 318
USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
62, 73, 88, 104, 190–91, 208, 219, 222, 236, 252, 255–56, 257–58, 260, 262–63, 324–26.
Soviet Union
Uzbeks
25, 252, 263
Uzes, Οὖζοι , Uzes-Torks
1, 2, 5, 6, 9–12, 20–22, 25, 30, 34, 37, 39, 40, 44, 45, 49–52, 57, 58, 70, 83, 95, 108, 113, 128–30, 132, 137, 156, 158, 165, 167, 176–77, 180, 182, 185, 187–88, 196, 201–2, 215–16, 218, 229–30, 233–36, 250–52, 263–64, 268, 287, 289, 291, 298, 307, 309–12, 315, 319, 326, 328.
Torks; Oghuzes
Valandar (W.l.n.d.r)
65, 300
Varangians
38, 59, 119
Vardar, river
149
Varna
150, 155
Vatican City
277
Vedea, river
85
Veliko Tarnovo
139, 169
Venetians
309
Vetren
142, 144, 152–53, 156, 158
Via Militaris
185
Vienna
94, 113, 327
Vicina
42
Vidin
157
Vlachs (Βλάχοι , Vlach population)
36–38, 41, 51, 113, 116, 162, 165, 177, 239, 244, 249, 326
Vojvodina, province
183
Volga, river
30, 58, 148, 191, 201, 203–4, 235–36, 256, 258, 260, 263, 310, 314, 318
Volga Bulgaria
312, 318
Vorskla, river
204
Wallachia
37, 38, 105, 107–8, 111, 114, 118
West
6, 10–12, 17, 24, 54, 58, 292, 296, 307–9, 315, 317
West (Byzantine)
245, 324
Wittenberg
297
Yugoslavia
41, 89, 104, 183, 235
Zaječar
183
Zeta
132
Zir Becenek
40