Alaska meeting
76 , 78
American values
72
Appellate Body,
69 , 99 , 101 , 104 , 236 –237 , 240 , 306 , 316 –320
US assault on
99
asean
51 –52
Asian values
72
Belt and Road initiative
263
Biden Administration
72 , 80 , 162 , 229 , 223 , 251
new foreign policy
72 , 79 , 253
Blinken, Antony
75 –79 , 253
Bretton Woods agreements
38 , 85 –87
ceta
263 , 301
Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States
40 , 44
Charter of the United Nations
37 –41 , 61 –64 , 82
Chinese values 73
Climate change
84 , 110 , 112 , 116
Paris agreement
58 , 116
Chicago School economies
89 –90 , 94
Cobden-Chevalier Treaty
24
Cold war
37 , 57 , 126 , 229 , 263
Colonial trade policy
24
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
(cptpp)
177 –178 , 190 , 241
Constitutionalism
86 –87 , 94
constitutional restrains
85 –86 , 197
constrained by
87
European ordo-liberal economic
94
Cooperation of international law
94
Cyber-piracy
216
Diplomacy
76 , 222
classic
76
double standard
75
modern, 76
seven qualities 76
Dispute settlement mechanism
84 , 276 , 289
between State-parties 289
bit
276
ftas/epas & wto, in
295
illegal US assault on
97 , 99
Japan’s bit/mits & ftas
275
mit
276
wto
84 , 97 , 273 , 316
Doha round negotiation
88 –89 , 91 , 97 , 185 , 271
dsu
97 –101 , 110 , 273 , 316
Economic Partnership Agreement (epa)
50 , 272
Japan
272 –273
strategy
274 –275
European Court of Justice (ecj)
50 –51 , 175 , 185 , 263
European Union
49 , 86 , 91 , 175 , 243 , 263
European values
73
Fair and equitable treatment (fet) 325
equity infra legem
330
Free trade agreement (fta)
271 –273 , 279
gatt
38 –39 , 49 , 316
Generalized system of preferences
42 , 50
Global economic legal order
45 , 49 , 53 , 255
see also
global economic order
Global economic order
55 , 66
character
257
collapse
259
crisis
259
notion
255 –256
purpose
63
regional economic order within
49
struggle for
55
Global environmental emergency
112
Global health emergency
112
Great Depression
33 –34 , 82
Health pandemics
110
covid-19
62 , 77 , 84 –85 , 114 –115 , 199
icsid
266 , 302 , 321 , 325 –327
investment under
85 , 99
International Court of Justice (icj)
59 , 303 , 311
International criminal courts and tribunals
91 , 108 , 306 , 314
icc
306 , 314
ictr
314 –315
icty
314 –315
International economic law
129
present crisis
232
return to unilateralism
234
struggle for
129
International economic order
3
evolution of
3
in antiquity
7
Chou dynasty
9
Han Dynasty
10
Qin dynasty
9 –10
Roman Empire
11
Shang Dynasty
9
Xia Kingdom
9
in middle ages
11
early middle ages
12
Eastern Roman Empire
13
Rhodian Sea Law
13
Tang Dynasty
12 –13
high middle ages
14
Hanseatic League
15 , 17
Italian city states
15
Song Dynasty maritime silk road
14
late middle ages
16
Byzantine Empire
17
Ming Dynasty
16 –17 , 257
Pax Mongolica
16
Yuan dynasty
16
Zheng Ho’s expeditions
17
in nineteenth century
23
in seventh and eighteenth centuries
20
in sixteenth century
18
International propaganda
66 –67
ideological 66
International Trade Organization (ito)
38 , 58 , 84 , 143 , 146
Havana Charter
38 , 58 , 84 , 143 –146 , 258
Interim National Security Strategic Guidance
74
Investment dispute
276
Investment arbitration precedent
301
concept of precedent
303 –307
jurisprudence constante 306, 320–1
ratio decidendi
305
res judicata
303 –305
stares decisis
304 –306
formation of precedent
319 , 324 –325
function of
307
normative value of precedent 307, 319
institutionalized international courts and tribunals, in
307
investment arbitration, in
301
Jus cogens
41 , 46 , 117
Lamy, Pascal
46 –48 , 109 , 265
Lex mercatoria
15 , 80 , 259
Lisbon Treaty
86 , 95
Most-favored-nation treatment (mfn)
15 , 24 , 31 , 35 , 325 , 331 –334
ejusdem generis principle
331
mpiaa
241 –242
nafta
84 , 235 , 239 –240 , 320
National security
235
broad conception of
235
in trade
244
in investment
244
Trump’s administration
235
National security exception
58 , 121 –122
abuse of
127
Agreement on Trade Facilitation, in
122
gats, in
122
gatt 1994, in
123 , 128 , 139 , 147
article xxi (b)
152
meaning of
134 , 137
article xxi (b)(iii)
58 , 134 , 147 –148
object and purpose of
139
impact on global trade system
127
international trade agreement, in
122
measures necessary for protection
158
negotiating history
143
order of analysis
131
proliferation of the use of
124
role of wto dispute settlement
128
subsequent practice
140
trips, in
122
use of
121
equity,
65
good faith
65
justice,
65
morality,
65
Neo-liberalism
88 –89 , 92 , 99
Anglo-Saxon’s
99
New international economic order
38 –39 , 43 –45 , 197
declaration of
40 , 197
program of action
40 , 197
oecd
178 , 183 , 186 –187 , 189
Ordo-liberalism
70 , 88 , 95 , 97 , 99
European
92 , 94
Pax Sinica
81
Permanent Court of International Justice (pcij)
265 , 308 –310
creation of
309
Plurilateral agreement
115 , 192
Preferential trade agreements
237
Public goods
103 , 111
constitutional restraints
103
psychology of multilevel governance of
103 , 110
Quad
78
Regional economic legal order
49
Regional trade agreement
272
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (rcep)
52
Regionalism
271
Russia – Traffic in Transit
124 –125 , 128 , 131 –139 , 145 –146 , 150 , 153 –157
Saudi Arabia – Protection of iprs
129 , 133 , 151 –152 , 155 , 159
wto 2020 Panel Report on
133
Silk Road
13 , 16
soes, see also state-owned enterprises
169 , 177 –178
South China Sea
76
Sovereignty
47
State-capitalism
92 –93 , 97
China’s
93
State-owned enterprises (soes)
93 –94 , 169 , 178
Subsidy regimes
169 , 175
competitive neutrality
181
countervailing duties
171
economic policy principles
178
elements
175
good practices
178
mutual gains
179
national regimes
182
non-discrimination
181
shared objectives
179
specific vs. systemic spillover
169
wto rules
170
Technology and development
202
Technology governance
197
China-US conflicts
197
China’s story in 2021
203
historical factors
202
industrial policy
217
legal aspects
208
“forced” technology transfer
210
history
208
licensing
209
limits of technology transfer
204
transfer of technology policy
43 , 215
The League of Nations
26 , 33 –34 , 82
Economic and Finance Organization
29 , 33
May Fourth Movement
28
Manchuria
28
Shandong Question 28
Smoot-Hawley Act
34
The Peace Treaty of Versailles
27
Transfer of Technology
43 –44 , 197 , 204 –205 , 215
Trump Administration
55 –58 , 89 , 162 , 206 –207 , 229 , 233 , 235 –237 , 238
America first policy
62 –63 , 84 , 238
bilateral, negotiation-based trade relationship
238 –239
current course
248
future path
248
make America Great Again
246
national security rationales in
244
theory
102
trade deficits and surpluses
242
unilateralism
234
United Nations
36 –37 , 312
United States – Steel and Aluminum Products
125 –126 , 129 –130 , 132 –134 , 147 , 150 –152 , 157 –159
uncitral
301 , 321
US-China Economic and Trade Agreement
54 , 89 , 102 , 200 –201 , 219 , 221 , 224 , 240
China’s substantive obligations
219
non-judicial dispute settlement
221
U.S.S.R.
35 , 37
ustr Report
59 , 197 , 100 –101
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (vclt)
59 , 115 , 139 , 143 , 321 , 327 , 334 –337
Wang, Yi
73 , 76
World Health Organization (who)
84 , 179 , 223
wto legal order
45 , 48 , 69
dispute settlement
316
Xi Jinping
60 –62 , 75 , 80 , 93
apec Economic Leaders’ Meeting
61
brics Summit
60
G-20 Leaders Summit 62
World Economic Forum
80
Yang Jiechi
76