Index
ʿAbd al-Malik, Umayyad caliph
173
,
240
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ii, emir of Umayyad Spain
69
,
78
,
235
,
244 –47
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān iii, emir and caliph of Umayyad Spain
71 –2
,
76
,
175
,
187n.61
,
220n.50
,
235
,
247 –49
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Marwān ibn Yūnus al-Jilliqī (‘the Galician’), rebel leader of Lower March
70 –1
ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Marrākushī, historian
68
adoptionism
76
,
82
,
273
Afonso Henriques, king of Portugal
33
Aḥmad al-Rāzī, historian
65
,
243
Akhbār majmūʿa
68
,
70
,
242 –44
Álava
149
,
151
,
153 –54
,
159
Albeldensis
see
Chronicle of Albelda
Alfonso i, king of Asturias
26 –8
,
31
,
38
Alfonso ii, king of Asturias
71
,
83 –4
,
88
,
90
,
280
Alfonso iii, king of Asturias-León
28
,
38
,
41
,
71
,
82
,
85 –6
,
88
,
90
,
93
,
149
,
273
Alfonso v, king of León
96 –7
Alfonso vi, king of León
92 –3
,
95
,
97
,
99
,
216
Alfonso vii, king of Castile-León
9
Almodis de la Marche
203
,
210
,
214 –18
,
221
,
225
Alodia, Christian martyr
92
Alvarus of Córdoba, author of Vita Eulogii
79 –80
ʿAmrūs ibn Yūsuf, governor of Toledo
68
al-Andalus (Muslim Iberia)
12
,
26
,
28
,
30 –1
,
53
,
65 –6
,
126
,
150
,
170
,
171
,
173 –74
,
176
,
179
,
181 –83
,
185
,
191
,
193
,
219 –22
,
232
,
235 –36
,
239 –40
,
251
etymology of
65 –6
‘Anbasa ibn Suḥaym al-Kalbī, governor of Umayyad Spain
74
Anglo-Saxon England
34
Apringius of Beja
85
,
263
aprisio
98n.215
,
129
,
138
Aragón
91
,
98
,
126
,
147 –48
,
155 –56
,
159
rulers of
213n.32
,
222
archaeology
26
,
28
,
36
,
37
,
43
Ardón, monastery of
186
Argentea, Christian martyr
75 –6
Passion of Argentea
75
argenteo, argenceo, arenzo etc.
171
,
180 –86
,
188
Artabās, al-qimāsah
150
Astorga
83
,
148
,
158
Asturian Church
82
Asturias
expansion of territory
36
,
205
kingdom of
11
,
26
,
53
,
70
,
81
,
86
,
88
,
90
,
94
,
96 –7
,
99
,
258
kings of
23
,
28
,
33
,
91
Augustine of Hippo
259 –61
,
263
,
268
,
272
,
274
aureas
190
Almodis de la Marche
Ava of Castile, the condesa traidora
201
,
202
,
218 –21
,
225
al-Bakrī, historian and geographer
67
Banū Qāsī
91
,
220
Barbero, Abilio, and Vigil, Marcelo
3
,
37
,
38 –44
Barcelona
Carolingian mints in
187
,
189
county of
188
,
190
Ermessenda of (see Ermessenda)
sack in 985
127 –28
,
133
,
201
wealth of
193
see Borrell ii
see see Ramón Borrell
Beatus of Liébana
76
,
82
,
259
,
261
,
263
,
270 –78
,
280
Commentary on the Apocalypse
81
,
257 –59
,
262 –63
,
269
,
271 –73
,
275
,
277
,
280
Berber revolt
240n.58
Berbers
27
,
66
,
68
,
240
,
266
Berenguer Ramón i, count of Barcelona
191
Besalú-Cerdanya, counties of
126
Bible
260 –61
,
265 –66
,
269
,
274
Bodo-Eleazar, Frankish deacon and convert to Judaism
79
Borrell ii, count of Barcelona, Girona, Osona and Urgell
123 –28
Braulio, bishop of Zaragoza
61
Burgos
149
,
159
see Diego
see see Gonzalo Fernández
Byzantium
268
Caesarius of Montserrat
95
cancellarius
135
Cantabria
144
,
258
as conceptualised in Barbero and Vigil paradigm
38
Cardeña, monastery of
147
,
152
,
154
,
170
,
179
,
184
Carolingian empire
170
,
187
Castile
29
,
147 –54
,
156
,
159
,
170
,
178 –79
,
190
,
201 –02
,
218 –19
,
225
dominant role in Spanish historiography of
6
,
23 –4
see Fernán González
Castilian Annals
146
,
149
Castro, Américo
23
,
34
Catalan counties
125
,
169
,
180
,
187 –88
,
190
Celanova, monastery of
144
,
147
,
160
,
170
,
176
,
177 –78
,
180
,
205 –07
see Rosendo, abbot and bishop
Celedonius of Calahorra
53
Charlemagne, king of the Franks
97
,
127
,
180
,
187
Charles the Bald, king of West Francia
189
charters
chronological distribution
146
expressions of identity in
53
,
86 –7
,
89 –90
formulaic aspects of
129
,
130 –31
,
139
from Portugal
147 –48
,
156
narratives in
86
,
123
,
129 –31
,
138 –40
numbers of
86
,
146
of donation
124
,
150
of sale
129
,
138
,
146 –47
,
169
,
171
,
176
sanction clauses
86
,
135
,
144n.5
,
150 –51
,
154 –55
,
156n.63
single sheets
144n.6
,
146 –48
,
150
,
154
,
156
,
159
,
160
,
162
see count(s)
Chintila, king of the Visigoths
63
Chronica Adefonsi Imperatoris
8n.19
,
9
Chronica Adefonsi tertii regis
see
Chronicle of Alfonso iii
Chronica Naierensis
see
Najerense
Chronicle of 754
12
,
74 –5
,
257 –59
,
261 –62
,
264 –66
,
270 –76
,
280
Chronicle of Albelda
6
,
84
,
149
Chronicle of Alfonso iii
6
,
83
,
89
,
91
,
94
,
146n.12
,
149
,
216
,
273
Chronicle of Bishop Gotmar
216
Chronicle of Pseudo-Isidore
75
Chronicle of Sahagún
216
Chronicle of Sampiro
88
,
94
,
146
,
149
,
158
church councils
58 –60
,
76
,
88 –9
,
97
,
158
Cixila of Abellar
185 –86
Coimbra
71
,
205
coins
Carolingian
170
,
174
,
176
,
180 –81
,
187 –89
Roman
170
,
172
,
181
Visigothic
170
,
173
units of account
170
argenteo, argenceo, arenzo etc.; aureas; denarii curribiles;
denarii grossos; denarius/denarii; denier; dīnār; dīnār darāhīm;
diners de transició; dirham(s); dirham kayl; fals; mancusos de auro
iafaris, amuris; pesas d’or; solidi gallicani, gallicanos, gallicenses etc;
solido
argenteo; solidos kazimis; solidus/solidi; uncia
Collins, Roger
6n.13
,
44
Condesa traidora
see Ava of Castile
convenientia/convenientiae
191
,
193
,
210
,
215
convivencia
3
,
4
,
21
,
34
,
257
Córdoba
7
,
53
,
63
,
69
,
72 –7
,
87
,
91 , 174
,
190
,
235
,
242
,
263
Great Mosque
264
,
277
count(s)
geographical distribution
153 –54
in charters
143 –44
,
149
,
150
,
153
in witness lists
144
,
152n.45
,
153 –55
pecuniary compensation due from
183
title
143
,
144
see
qūmis
counts of the palace
149
county, territorial unit
143
Covadonga, battle
83
Crónica de Alfonso iii
see
Chronicle of Alfonso iii
Depopulation
1
,
9
,
22
,
25
,
29
,
36
,
45
basis of theory
26 –7
,
30
critical response to theory
38 –44
ideological potency of theory
23 –4
,
31 –2
,
35
reception in Portugal
32 –4
denarii curribiles
189
,
192 –93
denarii grossos
189
,
192 –93
denarius/denarii
180
,
187 –90
denier
180
Diego, count of Burgos
149
Diego Rodríguez, count of Castile
149
dīnār
see dinar(s)
dinar(s)
173
,
175
,
182
,
190
dīnār darāhīm
182 –84
,
186
,
192 –93
diners de transició
189
dirham(s)
173 –75
,
182 –86
,
188
,
190
,
191 –92
dirham kayl
183
Duero river
basin
24 –30
,
32
,
35
,
37
,
40 –4
Egica, king of the Visigoths
63
,
273
El Castellar
37
Elipandus of Toledo
76
,
80
,
82
,
273
Emeterius of Calahorra
53
Empúries
187
Empúries-Rosselló, counties of
126
Ermengol i, count of Urgell
126
Ermengol ii, count of Urgell
191
Ermessenda of Barcelona
203
,
208
,
211 –14
,
216 –18
,
221
,
223
,
225
Erwig, king of the Visigoths
60
,
63 –4
Eterius, bishop of Osma
82
Eulogius of Córdoba
77
Europeanization of Spanish medievalism
39
,
40
fals
173
Felix, bishop of Córdoba
76
Ferdinand i
see Fernando i, count of Castile and king of León
Fernán González, count of Castile
6
,
10
,
86
,
149
,
150
,
152
,
154
,
162
,
201
Fernando i, count of Castile and king of León
8
,
93
,
216
Feudalisation
26
,
40
,
43
Feudal Revolution
1
,
43
Flaino Muñoz, count
144 –45
Fletcher, Richard
7
,
213n.32
Formulae Visigothicae
132
Forum Iudicum
see Visigothic law
Francia
70
,
76
,
78
,
82
,
171
Francoist intellectual establishment
31
,
39
Froilán, bishop of León
94
frontier, the
2
,
10
,
12
,
21
,
34
,
53
,
70
,
92
,
98
,
99
,
185
,
220
,
241
Fruela, Galician count
149
Fruela Gutiérrez, son of Ilduara Eriz
160
,
206
Fruela ii, king of Asturias
71
Fuero de León
97
Galicia
28
,
42n.73 and n.77
,
75
,
86
,
147
,
149
,
151 –53
,
155 –56
,
158
,
170
,
176
,
178 –80
,
203
,
205 –06
,
222
Gallaecia
54 –5
,
57 –9
,
60 –1
,
63
,
69 –72
,
75
,
84
,
86
,
88
,
94
,
178
García de Cortázar y Ruiz de Aguirre, José Ángel
40 –1
,
42n.67
García (or Garcí) Fernández, count of Castile
87
,
96
,
149
,
201 –02
,
218
de Gayangos, Pascual, Spanish orientalist scholar
65
gendered narratives
204
,
221
,
232
,
236
,
240 –02
,
246
,
251
Girona
77
,
126
,
187
,
189
,
208 –10
,
223
see Borrell ii
see see Ramón Borrell
Godescalc of Le Puy
94
Gómez of Albelda, scribe
94
Gonzalo Fernández, count of Castile and Burgos
149
Gonzalo Sánchez, count of Galicia
149
Gonzalo Téllez, count of Castile, Lantarón and Cerezo
149
Gregory of Tours
27
,
268n.40
Gutier, count and husband of Ilduara Eriz
160 –61
,
206 –07
al-Ḥakam ii, caliph of Umayyad Spain
72
,
175
,
190
,
220n.50
,
235
,
247
,
249 –50
Herculano, Alexandre
25
,
32 –3
,
45
Hermenegildo of Sobrado
144
,
157 –58
Hispani
98 –9
Hispania
Arabic renderings of term
66 –7
contested notions of
9
,
52
,
54
,
68
,
73
,
90
,
99
geographical and territorial divisions
55
meaning ‘Muslim Spain’
53
,
72
,
75 –84
,
86 –7
,
90 –2
meaning ‘the Christian kingdoms of the north’
88
,
93 –9
origins of term
55 –7
Visigothic
58
,
60
,
61 –4
,
70
,
74
,
82
,
83
,
99
,
172
Historia Compostellana
216
,
224
Historia Roderici
226
Historia Silense
93
,
213n.32
,
216
Historia Wambae
216
historiography of Spain
11
,
23
,
29 –30
,
34
,
45
,
52
,
143
,
156
,
257
History of Octavian and the Seven Stars
95
hoards of coins in Iberia
Carolingian
176
Umayyad
171
,
173 –76
Visigothic
173
Hostegesis of Málaga
81
Hydatius, bishop of Chaves and chronicler
57
Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥakam, historian
241 –42
Ibn ʿAbdūn, muḥtasib
234
,
238
Ibn Antunīyān al-Naṣrānī, qūmis and poet
73
Ibn Bāq, jurist
248
Ibn Ghālib, historian
65
Ibn Ḥabīb, historian
69
,
84 –5
,
240 –42
,
246
Ibn Ḥawqal, scholar and geographer
69 –70
,
73
Ibn Ḥayyān, historian
65
,
68
,
71
,
150
,
225
,
235
,
245 –46
,
249
Ibn ʿIdhārī, historian
243
Ibn Khaldūn, historian
65
Ibn al-Qūtīya, historian
64
,
68
,
73
,
78
,
149
,
242 –43
,
246
,
247
Ibn Saʿīd, historian and geographer
65
Ildefonsus of Toledo
79
,
80
,
94
Ilduara Eriz, Galician noblewoman
205 –07
,
209
,
211
,
217
,
221
see Celanova
see see Gutier
see see Rosendo
ʿĪsā ibn Aḥmad al-Rāzī, historian, son of Aḥmad al-Rāzī
72
Isidore of Seville
56
,
60 –1
,
66
,
74
,
79
,
80 –1
,
95
,
260 –61
,
263
,
268
,
273
,
275 –76
Islamic conquest of Iberia in 711
7
,
27
,
52
,
64
,
68 –9
,
72
,
85
,
173
,
235
,
257 –58
,
261 –62
Islamic law
234
,
243
al-Iṣṭakhrī, geographer
69
Italy
180
,
237
Jerusalem
74
,
78
,
276 –77
,
280
Jews
4
,
71
,
257
jihād
72
,
99
John of Biclarum
57 –8
John of Seville
79
judges
133
,
136 –37
,
150 –51
,
153
,
206
,
210
,
223
judicial hearings
123
,
132
,
144
,
156
,
160
,
161 –64
,
205 –06
,
210
,
212
,
215
,
223
Julian, figure of dubious historicity embroiled in conquest of 711
65
Julian of Toledo
62
,
63
see
Historia Wambae
Kingdom of the Sueves
60
,
178
Leocadia
62
,
87
León
29
,
147
,
151
,
180
,
190
,
216
,
219
charters from
155
,
159
,
170
,
177 –80
,
183
,
185
kings of
33
,
36
,
149
,
206
Leovigild, king of the Visigoths
58
,
60
,
74
,
76
Lex Visigothorum
see Visigothic law
Liber Iudicum
see Visigothic law
libra
180
Liébana
150
see Beatus of Liébana
Louis the Pious, king of the Franks
69
,
98
,
127
,
187
Lugo, see of
87
,
148
,
151
,
158
Maḥmūd ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbār al-Māridī, Andalusi rebel
71
mancusos de auro, iafaris, amuris etc.
190 –91
,
193
al-Manṣūr, Muḥammad b. Abī Amir, ḥājib and military strongman
87
,
94
,
126 –27
,
191
,
201 –02
,
219 –20
al-Maqqarī, historian
65
,
245
martyrs
53
,
62
,
267
of Córdoba
73
,
77 –9
masculinity
232 –39
,
243 –44
,
247 –48
Maurice, Byzantine emperor
59
memory
9
,
53
,
73
,
77
,
99
,
133
,
135
,
178
,
225
,
257
,
271
Menéndez Pidal, Ramón
23 –5
,
29
,
31
Mérida
modius/modii
171
,
177
mozarabs
36
,
53
,
76
,
92
,
99
,
186 –87
Muhājir ibn al-Qatīl, Andalusi rebel
71
Muḥammad, emir of Umayyad Spain
73
Muño Núñez, count of Castile
149
Mūsā ibn Mūsā, leader of the Banū Qāsī
91
Mūsā ibn Nuṣayr
68
,
74
,
235
,
240 –44
Najerense
201 –02
,
205
,
212
,
220
Navarre
80
,
86
,
91
,
125
,
147
,
220
,
222
neo-gothicism
2
,
36
,
38
,
81 –4
notarius
see notary
notary
94
,
133
,
134
Nunilo, Christian martyr
92
Odoario, semi–mythical bishop of Lugo and Braga
87
Oppa, bishop of Toledo
83
,
273
Ordoño i, king of Asturias
7
,
83 –4
,
88
Ordoño ii, king of Galicia and León
71
Ordoño iv, king of León
86
,
157
Orosius, Paulus
57 –8
,
67
,
88
Osona, county of
133
,
188 –89
see Borrell ii
see see Ramón Borrell
Otero de las Dueñas, monastery of
96
,
148
,
151
,
159
,
176
,
186
Oviedo
84
,
88 –9
,
92
,
94
,
97
,
132
,
148
,
158
Pallars, county of
188
Pelagius, Christian martyr
75
Passion of Pelagius
75
Pelayo, king of Asturias
38
,
70
,
82 –4
,
90
Pelayo of Oviedo, historian and skilled forger
88
Perfectus, Christian martyr
78
pesas d’or
190
Phocas, Byzantine emperor
261
Poema de Fernán González
6
,
10n.24
Portugal
158
,
170
,
178 –80
,
205
historiography of
32 –3
pre-Roman origins of
33
presura(s)
10
,
32
,
38
Prophetic Chronicle
6n.13
,
9
,
84
,
96
Qāsim b. Khālid
187
qūmis, Arabic term for count
73
,
149 –50
Ramiro i, king of Asturias
83
,
88
,
91
Ramiro ii, king of León
72
,
76
,
86
,
206
,
216
Ramiro iii, king of León
157
Ramón Borrell, count of Barcelona, Osona and Girona
126
,
208
,
223
Reccared, king of the Visigoths
58 –9
Reccesuinth, king of the Visigoths
63
,
82
Ribagorça, county of
188
Roderic, king of the Visigoths
64 –5
,
74
,
242 –43
Rodrigo, count of Amaya
149
Roman antecedents of comital title
145
Rosendo, abbot and bishop
144
vita of
206 –07
Sa‘dūn ibn Fatḥ al-Surunbāqī, client of al-Jilliqī
71
Sahagún
184
charters of
145
,
147
,
150 –52
,
155
,
159
,
162
,
177 –79
,
181,
monastery of
86
,
90
,
170
,
179
,
181
,
184
Saint James the Greater (Santiago)
81 –2
,
93
,
95 –7
Saint-Michel de Cuxa, monastery of
133
Saint Peter of Casseres, monastery of
136
Samson of Córdoba
80 –1
San Cosme and San Damián, monastery of
185
San Juan de la Peña, monastery of
89
,
148
,
155 –56
San Julián de Samos, monastery of
90
,
147
San Martín de Castañeda, monastery of
92
San Miguel de Escalada, monastery of
92
,
263 –64
,
273
,
277
San Miguel de la Vega, monastery of
186
San Millán de la Cogolla, monastery of
147
,
179
San Pedro de Eslonza, monastery of
148
,
155
San Salvador de Oña, monastery of
148
Sancho i, king of León
86
,
95
Sancho Garcés ii, king of Navarre
86
,
149
,
220
Sancho Garcés iii, king of Navarre
89
,
93
Santa María de Loyo, monastery of
206
Santa María del Puerto, monastery of
148
Santa Maria de la Seu d’Urgell
see Urgell, cathedral of
Santiago de Compostela
documents from
147
,
158 –59
donations to
87
pilgrimage to
94
sack in 997
95
,
201
see of 145
Voto of
88
Saint James the Greater
Santo Toribio de Liébana, monastery of
148
,
154 –55
,
177
see Liébana
semissis/semisses
172
Sendred, archdeacon of Urgell cathedral
123 –26
,
136
Seville
68 –9
,
74
,
234
Silos, monastery of
183
Sisebut, king of the Visigoths
62
,
77
Sobrado de los Monjes
charters of
144
,
147
,
155
,
157
,
176 –77
monastery of
147
,
158
solidi gallicani, gallicanos, gallicenses etc.
177 –78
solido argenteo
179
,
180 –84
,
186 –87
,
191 –93
solidos kazimis
187
solidus/solidi
66
,
172 –73
,
177 –81
,
183
,
188 –90
Suinthila, king of the Visigoths
60
Sunifred ii, count of Cerdanya
189
Ṭāriq ibn Zīyād
64
,
65
,
235
,
240 –44
Tarragona
57
,
95
Toledo
58
,
60 –5
,
68
,
70 –4
,
76
,
84 –5
,
92 –5
,
97
,
185
,
241
,
244
,
273
tremissis/tremisses
172 –73
,
177 –78
,
184
Tuy, diocese
96
‘Umar ibn Ḥafṣūn
75
Umayyads of Córdoba
53
,
64
,
67 –9
,
71
,
75
,
77
,
84
,
91
,
126
,
173 –76
,
182
,
184 –85
,
220
,
235
,
241
uncia
191 –93
ʿUqba ibn al-Ḥajjāj, governor of Umayyad Spain
70
Urgell
cathedral of
123
,
136
county of
188
see Borrell ii
see see Sendred
Usatges of Barcelona
215
Valdediós, church of
277
Valpuesta, monastery of
148
Vandals
65 –6
,
95
Vela Jiménez, count of Álava
149
Vermudo Núñez, count of Salamanca
150
Vermudo ii, king of Galicia and León
86 –7
,
96
Vic, county of
93
,
133
,
136
,
189
,
208 –09
,
211
,
223
Visigoths
6
,
7
,
52 –3
,
57
,
60
,
63 –4
,
68
,
74
,
79
,
95
,
178
,
261
,
273
Visigothic
antecedents of comital title
145
law
11
,
63
,
67
,
90
,
96
,
131
,
183
,
203
liturgy
61
,
81
,
90
Vita Ildefonsi
80
Vita Rudesindi
see Rosendo
Vulfura, companion of Argentea
75
Wamba, king of the Visigoths
62
,
63
Historia Wambae
Wistremirus, bishop of Toledo
80
Witiza, king of the Visigoths
64
,
150
women as political operators
202 –04
,
221 –26
Ava of Castile; Ilduara Eriz; Ermessenda of Barcelona;
Zamora
70
Ziryāb, fashionista, musician and trendsetter
235
,
244 –47
Zoilus, Christian martyr
77