In the nineteenth century a new type of mystic emerged in Catholic Europe. While cases of stigmatisation had been reported since the thirteenth century, this era witnessed the development of the âstigmaticâ: young women who attracted widespread interest thanks to the appearance of physical stigmata. To understand the popularity of these stigmatics we need to regard them as the âsaintsâ and religious âcelebritiesâ of their time. With their âmiraculousâ bodies, they fit contemporary popular ideas (if not necessarily those of the Church) of what sanctity was. As knowledge about them spread via modern media and their fame became marketable, they developed into religious âcelebritiesâ.
Tine Van Osselaer, Ph.D. (2009), KU Leuven, is research professor at the University of Antwerp. She has published on religious history, gender history and history of emotions, including The Pious sex. Catholic constructions of masculinity and femininity in Belgium, c. 1800-1950 (2013).
Leonardo Rossi, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. He has published articles on Italian stigmatics, popular devotion, and the Holy Office in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Kristof Smeyers, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. Recent publications include "Making sense of stigmata: how Victorians understood the wounds of Christ", Journal of Victorian Culture (2019).
Acknowledgements List of Illustrations Abbreviations
1 Stigmatics
âTine Van Osselaer, Leonardo Rossi and Kristof Smeyers,
âin collaboration with Andrea Graus
â1âIntroduction
â2âTracing Stigmata
â3âThe Invention of âStigmaticsâ
â4âBuilding Blocks
2 Saints and Celebrities
âTine Van Osselaer
â1âSaints in the Spotlight
â2âThe Scale of Fame: Transnational and Comparative Approach
â3âReligious Celebrities
â4âAn Interactive Approach
3 On Stigmata, Suffering and Sanctity
âTine Van Osselaer
â1âTheodor Noldeâs Visit
â2âThe âSpectacleâ of the Holy Wounds
â3âThe Meaning of Suffering
â4âThe Effect of Suffering on the Visitors
4 Visiting Stigmatics and Their Promotion from the Ground Up: The Devotees, the Unofficial Movements and the Episcopate in France
âAndrea Graus
â1âFrench Stigmatics and Visitorsâ Expectations
â2âInside the Fridays of Passion
â3âThe Diocesan Response to the Visits
â4âThe Visitorsâ Unofficial Movements
â5âConclusions
5 Selling Sensation, Creating Sanctity: The Visual and Material Culture of âStigmaticsâ
âTine Van Osselaer
â1âIn the Public Eye
â2âCommerce and Devotion
â3âCapturing Corporeal Mysticism
â4âCreativity after Death
â5âConclusions
6 Stigmatics, Politics and the Law: On Fake Stigmata and âSelf-styledâ Sanctity in Spain and France
âAndrea Graus
â1âStigmatics and Political Symbolism
â2âSor Patrocinio, Rosette Tamisier and the âTwo Spains/Francesâ
â3âThe Law and the Public Debunking of Stigmatics
â4âFake Stigmata and Self-styled Sanctity in the Anticlerical Press
â5âConclusions
7 Stigmatized Blood in the Vatican Courts: Religious Response and Strategy
âLeonardo Rossi
â1âIntroduction: An Ambiguous Relationship
â2âThe Vatican Perspective
â3âExamining Stigmatics
â4âConclusions
8 Conclusion
âTine Van Osselaer
â1âA Visible Type
â2âNew Types and the Scale of Their Circulation
â3âSuggestions for Further Research
Bibliography Biographical Dictionary of Stigmatics Index of Names and Subjects
All interested in European religious history of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, those who have an interest in cultural history and/or celebrity studies.