Möchten Sie über diese Zeitschrift informiert bleiben? Klicken Sie bitte auf die Buttons, um unsere Alerts zu abonnieren.
Möchten Sie über diese Zeitschrift informiert bleiben? Klicken Sie bitte auf die Buttons, um unsere Alerts zu abonnieren.
AbÅ« l-Yusr al-BazdawÄ« (d. 493/1100) was a notable early MÄturÄ«dite theologian who made an important contribution to the formation of his school by embracing kalÄm and promoting the image of al-MÄturÄ«dÄ« (d. 333/944) as a Sunnite leader when the science was not yet popular in his region of Transoxania. This produced some tension in his thought as he negotiated rationalist and traditionalist doctrines and their adherents. Indications of this are found in his discussion of Godâs speech in which he argues for the Sunnite doctrine of eternal divine speech while effectively affirming the createdness of scriptures; at the same time, he defends those who assert the uncreatedness of the Quran and maintains that Godâs speech is truly written, memorized, recited, and heard.
Kauf
Sofortzugang erwerben (PDF-Download und unbegrenzter Online-Zugang):
Institutszugang
Melden Sie sich mit Open Athens, Shibboleth oder Ihren institutionellen Anmeldedaten an.
Persönliche Anmeldung
Melden Sie sich mit Ihrem brill.com-Konto an
Ê¿Abd al-JabbaÌr, Ibn AhÌ£mad al-AsadaÌbaÌdiÌ. al-MughniÌ fiÌ abwaÌb al-tawhÌ£iÌd wa-l-Ê¿adl. Ed. by IbrÄhÄ«m IbyÄrÄ«, vol. 7. Cairo: DÄr al-kutub, 1961.
Aldosari, Ayedh S. ḤanafÄ« MÄturÄ«dism: Trajectories of a Theological Legacy, with a Study and Critical Edition of al-KhabbÄzÄ«âs KitÄb al-HÄdÄ«. Sheffield, UK: Equinox, 2020.
Algar, Hamid. âImpostors, Antinomians, and Pseudo-Sufis: Cataloguing the Miscreants.â Journal of Islamic Studies 29, no. 1 (2018): 25â47.
Allard, Michel. Le problème des attributs divins dans la doctrine dâal-AšʿarÄ« et de ses premiers grands disciples. Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique, 1965.
Arshi, Imtiyaz Ali. Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in Raza Library Rampur, vol. 2. Rampur: Rampur Raza Library, 1966.
AshÊ¿ariÌ, AbuÌ l-HÌ£asan Ê¿AliÌ b. IsmaÌÊ¿iÌl al-. KitaÌb MaqaÌlaÌt al-islaÌmiyyiÌn wa-khtilaÌf al-musÌ£alliÌn. Ed. by Hellmut Ritter. Wiesbaden: DaÌr al-nashr FraÌnz ShtaÌynir, 1963.
Attas, Sayed Naquib al-. The Oldest Known Malay Manuscript: A 16th Century Malay Translation of the Ê¿AqÄʾid of al-NasafÄ«. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya, 1988.
BaghdÄdÄ«, AbÅ« Manṣūr Ê¿Abd al-QÄhir b. ṬÄhir b. Muḥammad al-. al-Farq bayna l-firaq wa-bayÄn al-firqa al-nÄjiya minhum: Ê¿AqaÌʾid al-firaq al-islaÌmiyya wa-ÄrÄʾ kibaÌr aÊ¿laÌmihaÌ. Ed. by Muḥammad Ê¿UthmÄn Khisht. Cairo: Maktabat Ibn SÄ«nÄ, n.d.
BazdawÄ«, AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. KitÄb Uṣūl al-dÄ«n. Ed. by Hans Peter Linss. Cairo: DÄr iḥyÄʾ al-kutub al-Ê¿arabiyya, 1963.
BazdawÄ«, AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. Uṣūl al-dÄ«n. Ed. by Hans Peter Linss. Amend. and annot. by Aḥmad ḤijÄzÄ« al-SaqqÄ. Cairo: al-Maktaba al-azhariyya li-l-turÄth, 2002.
BazdawÄ«, AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. KitÄb FÄ«hi maÊ¿rifat al-ḥujaj al-sharÊ¿iyya [Livre où repose la connaissance des preuves légales]. Ed. by Marie Bernand and Ãric Chaumont. Cairo: al-MaÊ¿had al-Ê¿ilmiÌ al-faransiÌ li-l-aÌthaÌr al-sharqiyya/Institut français dâarchéologie orientale, 2003.
Bernand, Marie. âManuscrits inédits âdâUṣūl al-dÄ«nâ et âdâUṣūl al-fiqhâ.â Arabica 29, no. 2 (June, 1982): 215â220.
Brockelmann, Carl. Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur, 2 vols. and 3 suppls. Leiden: Brill, 1937â43.
Brockelmann, Carl. History of the Arabic Written Tradition. Transl. by Joep Lameer, 2 vols. and 3 suppls. Leiden: Brill, 2016â19.
Brodersen, Angelika. âDer Schlaf ist der Bruder des Todes: Einige Traditionen über Schlaf und Traum und ihre Funktion in der Argumentation aá¹£-á¹¢affÄr al-BuḫÄrÄ«s.â In Das Prophetenḥadīṯ: Dimensionen einer islamischen Literaturgattung. Ed. by Claude Gilliot and Tilman Nagel. GoÌttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2005, 98â107.
Brodersen, Angelika. âGöttliches und menschliches Handeln im mÄturÄ«ditischen kalÄm.â Jahrbuch für islamische Theologie und Religionspädagogik 2 (2013): 117â139.
Brodersen, Angelika. âDas Kapitel über die âschönen Namen Gottesâ im Talḫīṣ al-adilla li-qawaÊ¿id at-tauḥīd des AbÅ« IsḥÄq aá¹£-á¹¢affÄr al-BuḫÄrÄ« (gest. 534/1139).â ZDMG 164 (2014): 375â406.
Brodersen, Angelika. Der unbekannte kalÄm: Theologische Positionen der frühen MÄturÄ«dÄ«ya am Beispiel der Attributenlehre. Munich: LIT Verlag, 2014.
Brodersen, Angelika. âSunnitische Identitätssuche im Transoxanien des 5./11. Jahrhunderts: AbÅ« Å akÅ«r as-SÄlimÄ« und sein TamhÄ«d fÄ« bayÄn at-tauḥīd.â In Rationalität in der islamischen Theologie. Ed. by Maha El Kaisy-Friemuth, Reza Hajatpour, and Mohammed Abdel Rahem. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2019, 322â348.
Brodersen, Angelika. âal-á¹¢affÄr al-BukhÄrÄ«.â In EI³. Ed. by Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23647.
Brodersen, Angelika. âal-BukhÄrÄ«, Ê¿AlÄʾ al-DÄ«n.â In EI³. Ed. by Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_25413.
Brodersen, Angelika. âÊ¿AlÄʾ al-DÄ«n al-SamarqandÄ«.â In EI³. Ed. by Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_26318.
BukhÄrÄ«, AbÅ« IsḥÄq al-á¹¢affÄr al-. Talkhīṣ al-adilla li-qawÄÊ¿id al-tawḥīd. Ed. by Angelika Brodersen. Beirut: al-MaÊ¿had al-almÄnÄ« li-l-abḥÄth al-sharqiyya, 2011.
CericÌ, Mustafa. Roots of Synthetic Theology in Islam: A Study of the Theology of AbÅ« Manṣūr al-MÄturÄ«dÄ«. Ed. by Sharifah Shifa al-Attas. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 1996.
DarwÄ«sh, MuḥyÄ« l-DÄ«n al-. IÊ¿rÄb al-QurʾÄn al-KarÄ«m wa-bayÄnuh, vol. 2. Homs: DÄr al-irshÄd li-l-shuʾūn al-jÄmiÊ¿iyya, 1992.
de Vaux, Bernard Carra, Albert N. Nader, and Joseph Schacht. âBishr b. GhiyÄth al-MarÄ«sÄ«.â In EI². Ed. by Hamilton A.R. Gibb, Johannes H. Kramers, Ãvariste Lévi-Provençal, Joseph Schacht, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, Victor L. Ménage, Emeri van Donzel, Clifford E. Bosworth, Wolfhart P. Heinrichs, Gérard Lecomte, and Thierry Bianquis. Leiden: Brill, 1986â2004, vol. 1, 1241â1242.
DhahabÄ«, Shams al-DÄ«n AbÄ« Ê¿AbdallÄh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Ê¿UthmÄn al-. TÄrÄ«kh al-IslÄm wa-wafayÄt al-mashÄhÄ«r wa-l-aÊ¿lÄm. Ed. by BithÄr Ê¿AwwÄd MaÊ¿rÅ«f, vol. 10. Beirut: DÄr al-gharb al-islÄmÄ«, 2003.
Dorroll, Philip. âThe Universe in Flux: Reconsidering AbÅ« Manṣūr al-MÄturÄ«dÄ«âs Metaphysics and Epistemology.â Journal of Islamic Studies 27, no. 2 (2016): 119â135.
Gardet, Louis. âKalÄm.â In EI². Ed. by Hamilton A.R. Gibb, Johannes H. Kramers, Ãvariste Lévi-Provençal, Joseph Schacht, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, Victor L. Ménage, Emeri van Donzel, Clifford E. Bosworth, Wolfhart P. Heinrichs, Gérard Lecomte, and Thierry Bianquis. Leiden: Brill, 1986â2004, vol. 4, 468â471.
Gilliot, Claude. âLa théologie musulmane en Asie Centrale et au Khorasan.â Arabica 49, no. 2 (2002): 135â203.
Gimaret, Daniel. La doctrine dâal-AshÊ¿arÄ«. Paris: Les éditions du cerf, 1990.
Gimaret, Daniel. âMuÊ¿tazila.â In EI². Ed. by Hamilton A.R. Gibb, Johannes H. Kramers, Ãvariste Lévi-Provençal, Joseph Schacht, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, Victor L. Ménage, Emeri van Donzel, Clifford E. Bosworth, Wolfhart P. Heinrichs, Gérard Lecomte, and Thierry Bianquis. Leiden: Brill, 1986â2004, vol. 7, 783â793.
Götz, Manfred. âMÄturÄ«dÄ« und sein KitÄb TaʾwÄ«lÄt al-QurʾÄn.â Der Islam 41 (Oct., 1965): 27â70.
ḤarbÄ«, Aḥmad b. Ê¿Awá¸allÄh b. DÄkhil al-LahÄ«bÄ« al-. Al-MÄturÄ«diyya: dirÄsatan wa- taqwÄ«man. [Riyadh]: DÄr al-Ê¿Äá¹£ima li-l-nashr wa-l-tawzīʿ, 1413 [1992â93].
Hoover, Jon. âḤanbalÄ« Theology.â In The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology. Ed. by Sabine Schmidtke. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, 626â648.
Ibn AbÄ« l-WafÄʾ, MuḥyÄ« l-DÄ«n AbÅ« Muḥammad Ê¿Abd al-QÄdir b. Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Naá¹£rallÄh b. SÄlim. al-JawÄhir al-muá¸iyya fÄ« á¹abaqÄt al-Ḥanafiyya. Ed. by Ê¿Abd al-FattÄḥ Muḥammad al-Ḥulw, 5 vols. N.p.: Hujar li-l-á¹ibÄÊ¿a wa-l-nashr wa-l-tawzīʿ wa-l-iÊ¿lÄn, 1993.
Ibn AbÄ« YaÊ¿lÄ, AbÅ« l-Ḥusayn Muḥammad. ṬabaqÄt al-ḤanÄbila. Ed. by Muḥammad ḤÄmid al-FiqÄ«, vol. 1. Cairo: Maá¹baÊ¿at al-sunna al-muḥammadiyya, n.d.
Ibn Baá¹á¹a, AbÅ« Ê¿AbdallÄh Ê¿UbaydallÄh. al-Sharḥ wa-l-ibÄna Ê¿alÄ uṣūl al-sunna wa-l- diyÄna. Ed. by Riá¸Äʾ b. NaÊ¿sÄn MuÊ¿á¹Ä«. Medina: Maktabat al-Ê¿ulÅ«m wa-l-ḥikam, 2002.
Ibn al-JawzÄ«, JamÄl al-DÄ«n Ê¿Abd al-RaḥmÄn b. Ê¿AlÄ« b. Muḥammad AbÅ« l-Faraj. ZÄd al-masÄ«r fÄ« Ê¿ilm al-tafsÄ«r, vol. 2. [Beirut]: al-Maktab al-islÄmÄ«, n.d.
Ibn MÄja. Sunan Ibn MÄja. Ed. by Muḥammad FuʾÄd Ê¿Abd al-BÄqÄ«, vol. 1. Cairo: DÄr iḥyÄʾ al-kutub al-Ê¿arabiyya, n.d.
Ibn al-MuÊ¿allim, al-Shaykh al-MufÄ«d Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. al-NuÊ¿mÄn. AwÄʾil al-maqÄlÄt. Ed. by IbrÄhÄ«m al-Aná¹£ÄrÄ«. Mahar: al-Muʾtamar al-Ê¿ÄlamÄ« li-alfiyyat al-Shaykh al-MufÄ«d, 1413 (1992â93).
Ibn Quá¹lÅ«bughÄ, AbÅ« l-FidÄʾ Zayn al-DÄ«n QÄsim. TÄj al-tarÄjim. Ed. by Muḥammad Khayr Ramaá¸Än YÅ«suf. N.p.: DÄr al-qalam, 1992.
JuwaynÄ«, Ê¿Abd al-Malik b. Ê¿AbdallÄh al-. KitÄb al-IrshÄd ilÄ qawÄá¹iÊ¿ al-adilla fÄ« uṣūl al-iÊ¿tiqÄd. Ed. by Aḥmad Ê¿Abd al-Raḥīm al-SÄyiḥ and TawfÄ«q Ê¿AlÄ« Wahba. Cairo: Maktabat al-thaqÄfa al-dÄ«niyya, 2009.
Juynboll, Theodor J. âFará¸.â In EI². Ed. by Hamilton A.R. Gibb, Johannes H. Kramers, Ãvariste Lévi-Provençal, Joseph Schacht, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, Victor L. Ménage, Emeri van Donzel, Clifford E. Bosworth, Wolfhart P. Heinrichs, Gérard Lecomte, and Thierry Bianquis. Leiden: Brill, 1986â2004, vol. 2, 790.
Keeler, Annabel. âMystical Theology and the Traditionalist Hermeneutics of MaybudÄ«âs Kashf al-AsrÄr.â In Sufism and Theology. Ed. by Ayman Shihadeh. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007, 15â29.
Kholeif, Fathalla. A Study on Fakhr al-DÄ«n al-RÄzÄ« and His Controversies in Transoxiana. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq Ãditeurs, 1966.
King, David A. âAl-BazdawÄ« on the Qibla in Early Islamic Transoxania.â Journal for the History of Arabic Science / Majallat TÄrÄ«kh al-Ê¿ulÅ«m al-Ê¿arabiyya 7 (Jan., 1983): 3â38.
Kohlberg, Etan. âal-RÄfiá¸a.â In EI². Ed. by Hamilton A.R. Gibb, Johannes H. Kramers, Ãvariste Lévi-Provençal, Joseph Schacht, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, Victor L. Ménage, Emeri van Donzel, Clifford E. Bosworth, Wolfhart P. Heinrichs, Gérard Lecomte, and Thierry Bianquis. Leiden: Brill, 1986â2004, vol. 8, 386â389.
LaknawÄ«, AbÅ« l-ḤasanÄt Muḥammad Ê¿Abd al-Ḥayy al-. al-FawÄʾid al-bahiyya fÄ« tarÄjim al-Ḥanafiyya. Ed. by MuhÌ£ammad Badr al-DiÌn AbuÌ FiraÌs al-NuÊ¿maÌniÌ. Cairo: DÄr al-kitÄb al-islÄmÄ«, n.d.
Linss, Hans Peter. Probleme der islamischen Dogmatik: Das KitÄb uṣūl ad-dÄ«n des AbÅ« ʾl-Yusr Muḥammad al-BazdawÄ«. Essen: Thales Verlag, 1991.
Linss, Hans Peter. âSÄ«rat AbÄ« l-Yusr Muḥammad al-BazdawÄ«: Muʾallif KitÄb Uṣūl al-dÄ«n.â In KitÄb Uṣūl al-dÄ«n, by AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-BazdawÄ«. Ed. by Hans Peter Linss. Cairo: DÄr iḥyÄʾ al-kutub al-Ê¿arabiyya, 1963, 10â15. Reprinted in Uṣūl al-dÄ«n, by AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-BazdawÄ«. Ed. by Hans Peter Linss, amend. and annot. by Aḥmad ḤijÄzÄ« al-SaqqÄ. Cairo: al-Maktaba al-azhariyya li-l-turÄth, 2002, 9â12.
Linss, Hans Peter. âTakhá¹Ä«á¹ al-KitÄb.â In KitÄb Uṣūl al-dÄ«n, by AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-BazdawÄ«. Ed. by Hans Peter Linss. Cairo: DÄr iḥyÄʾ al-kutub al-Ê¿arabiyya, 1963, 5â9. Reprinted in Uṣūl al-dÄ«n, by AbÅ« l-Yusr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-BazdawÄ«. Ed. by Hans Peter Linss. Amend. and annot. by Aḥmad ḤijÄzÄ« al-SaqqÄ. Cairo: al-Maktaba al-azhariyya li-l-turÄth, 2002, 5â8.
Madelung, Wilferd. âThe Spread of MÄturÄ«dism and the Turks.â In Actas do IV Congresso de Estudos Ãrabes e Islâmico, Coimbra-Lisboa 1968. Leiden: Brill, 1971, 109â168.
Madelung, Wilferd. âThe Origins of the Controversy concerning the Creation of the Koran.â In Orientalia Hispanica sive studia F.M. Pareja octogenario dicata. Ed. by J.M. Barral, vol. I/1. Leiden: Brill, 1974, 504â525.
Madelung, Wilferd. âMÄturÄ«diyya.â In EI². Ed. by Hamilton A.R. Gibb, Johannes H. Kramers, Ãvariste Lévi-Provençal, Joseph Schacht, Bernard Lewis, Charles Pellat, Victor L. Ménage, Emeri van Donzel, Clifford E. Bosworth, Wolfhart P. Heinrichs, Gérard Lecomte, and Thierry Bianquis. Leiden: Brill, 1986â2004, vol. 6, 847â848.
Madelung, Wilferd. âÊ¿ALÄʾ-AL-DĪN SAMARQANDĪ.â In Encyclopædia Iranica. Last modified July 29, 2011. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ala-al-din-samarqandi-abu-bakr-mohammad-b. Accessed January 31, 2021.
Madelung, Wilferd. âAbÅ« l-Muʿīn al-NasafÄ« and AshÊ¿arÄ« Theology.â In Studies in Medieval Muslim Thought and History. Ed. by Sabine Schmidtke. Farnham, UK: Ashgate Variorum, 2013, 318â330.
MÄturÄ«dÄ«, AbÅ« Manṣūr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. TaʾwÄ«lÄt al-QurʾÄn. Ed. by Bekir TopaloÄlu, Ahmet VanlıoÄlu, Mehmet Boynukalın, Ertuǧrul Boynukalın, Hatice Boynukalın, Halil İbrahim Kaçar, Murat Sülün, Ali Haydar Ulusoy, Mustafa Yavuz, Mürteza Bedir, Muhammet Masum Vanlıoǧlu, and Abdullah BaÅak, 18 vols. Istanbul: DÄr al-mÄ«zÄn, 2005â07.
MÄturÄ«dÄ«, AbÅ« Manṣūr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. KitÄb al-Tawḥīd. Ed. by Bekir TopalogÌlu and Muhammed Aruçi. Beirut: DÄr á¹£Ädir, n.d.
MaybudÄ«, AbÅ« l-Faá¸l RashÄ«d al-DÄ«n. Kashf al-asrÄr wa-Ê¿uddat al-abrÄr. Ed. by Ê¿AlÄ« Asghar Ḥekmat. Tehran: AmÄ«r kabÄ«r, 1331â39 SH [1952â60].
Muslim, AbÅ« l-Ḥusayn. á¹¢aḥīḥ Muslim. Ed. by Naáºar b. Muḥammad al-FÄriyÄbÄ«. Riyadh: DÄr al-á¹ayyiba, 2006.
Mustapha, Maziah. âThe Sunni Position on Selected Issues in Kalam: A Comparison between the Views of al-AshÊ¿ari and al-Bazdawi.â PhD diss., International Islamic University, 2005.
NasafÄ«, AbÅ« Ḥafá¹£ Ê¿Umar b. Muḥammad al-. RisÄla fÄ« bayÄn madhÄhib al-taá¹£awwuf. Ed. by Ê¿AlÄ« Akbar DiyÄʾī. al-TurÄth al-Ê¿arabÄ« 12, no. 46 (1992): 133â141.
Ê¿Omar, Farouq Ê¿Omar Ê¿Abd-Allah al-. âThe Doctrines of the MÄturÄ«dite School with Special Reference to as-SawÄd al-AÊ¿áºam of al-ḤakÄ«m as-SamarqandÄ«.â PhD diss., University of Edinburgh, 1974.
Peters, Johannes R.T.M. Godâs created speech: A study in the speculative theology of the MuÊ¿tazilî Qâá¸Ã® l-Quá¸Ã¢t Abû l-Ḥasan Ê¿Abd al-Jabbâr bn Aḥmad al-Hamaá¸Ã¢nî. Leiden: Brill, 1976.
Qurá¹ubÄ«, AbÅ« Ê¿AbdallÄh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. AbÄ« Bakr al-. al-JÄmiÊ¿ li-aḥkÄm al-QurʾÄn wa-l-mubayyin limÄ taá¸ammanah mina l-sunna wa-Äy al-furqÄn. Ed. by Ê¿AbdallÄh b. Ê¿Abd al-Muḥsin al-TurkÄ« and Muḥammad Riá¸wÄn Ê¿AraqsÅ«sÄ«, vol. 7. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-risÄla, 2006.
RÄzÄ«, Fakhr al-DÄ«n Muḥammad b. Ê¿Umar al-. al-TafsÄ«r al-kabÄ«r aw MafÄtiḥ al-ghayb. Ed. by Ê¿ImÄd ZakÄ« al-BÄrÅ«dÄ«, 16 vols. Cairo: al-Maktaba al-tawfÄ«qiyya, n.d.
Ritter, Hellmut. âPhilologika. XIII: Arabische Handschriften in Anatolien und İstanbul.â Oriens 2, no. 2 (Dec., 1949): 236â314.
Rudolph, Ulrich. âDas Entstehen der MÄturÄ«dÄ«ya.â ZDMG 147 (1997): 394â404.
Rudolph, Ulrich. al-MaÌturiÌdiÌ und die sunnitische Theologie in Samarkand. Leiden: Brill, 1997.
Rudolph, Ulrich. âḤanafÄ« Theological Tradition and MÄturÄ«dism.â In The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology. Ed. by Sabine Schmidtke. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, 280â296.
Rudolph, Ulrich. al-MaÌturiÌdiÌ and the Development of SunniÌ Theology in Samarqand. Transl. by Rodrigo Adem. Leiden: Brill, 2015.
Rudolph, Ulrich. âAbÅ« Salama al-SamarqandÄ«.â In EI³. Ed. by Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_SIM_0294.
Rudolph, Ulrich. âAbÅ« ShakÅ«r al-SÄlimÄ«.â In EI³. Ed. by Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson. Accessed February 5, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23157.
SalÄma, Khaá¸ir IbrÄhÄ«m. Fahras makhá¹Å«á¹Ät maktabat al-Masjid al-Aqá¹£Ä, vol. 1. Jerusalem: Maktabat al-Masjid al-Aqá¹£Ä, n.d.
SÄlimÄ«, AbÅ« ShakÅ«r Muḥammad b. Ê¿Abd al-Sayyid b. ShuÊ¿ayb al-. KitÄb al-TamhÄ«d fÄ« bayÄn al-tawḥīd wa-huwa hidÄya li-kull mustarshid wa-rashÄ«d. Ed. by Angelika Brodersen under the title Zwischen MÄturÄ«dÄ«ya und AšʿarÄ«ya: AbÅ« Å akÅ«r as-SÄlimÄ« und sein TamhÄ«d fÄ« bayÄn at-tauḥīd. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2018, 1â400.
SamÊ¿ÄnÄ«, AbÅ« SaÊ¿d Ê¿Abd al-KarÄ«m b. Muḥammad b. Manṣūr al-TamÄ«mÄ« al-. al-AnsÄb, 13 vols. Hyderabad: al-FÄrÅ«q al-ḥadÄ«tha li-l-á¹ibÄÊ¿a wa-l-nashr, 1977.
SamarqandÄ«, al-ḤakÄ«m al-. al-SawÄd al-aÊ¿áºam fÄ« l-kalÄm. [Istanbul]: Maá¹baÊ¿at IbrÄhÄ«m, n.d.
Sarhan, Saud al-. âThe Creeds of Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal.â In Books and Bibliophiles: Studies in honour of Paul Auchterlonie on the Bio-Bibliography of the Muslim World. Ed. by Robert Gleave. Cambridge: E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Trust, 2014, 29â44.
Schmidtke, Sabine. âNeuere Forschungen zur MuÊ¿tazila unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der späteren MuÊ¿tazila ab dem 4./10. Jahrhundert.â Arabica 45, no. 3 (1998): 379â408.
ShahrastÄnÄ«, AbÅ« l-Fatḥ Muḥammad b. Ê¿Abd al-KarÄ«m al-. al-Milal wa-l-niḥal. Ed. by Aḥmad FahmÄ« Muḥammad. Beirut: DÄr al-kutub al-Ê¿ilmiyya, 1992.
Spitta, Wilhelm. Zur Geschichte AbÅ« âl-Ḥasan al-AÅÊ¿arîâs. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichsâsche Buchhandlung, 1876.
ṬabarsÄ«, Ê¿AlÄ« l-Faá¸l b. al-Ḥasan al-. MajmaÊ¿ al-bayÄn fÄ« tafsÄ«r al-QurʾÄn, vol. 7. Beirut: DÄr al-murtaá¸Ä, 2006.
Tritton, Arthur Stanley. âThe Speech of God.â Studia Islamica 36 (1972): 5â22.
van Ess, Josef. Theologie und Gesellschaft im 2. und 3. Jahrhundert Hidschra: Eine Geschichte des religioÌsen Denkens im fruÌhen Islam, vol. 4. Berlin: W. de Gruyter, 1997.
van Ess, Josef. Der Eine und das Andere: Beobachtungen an islamischen häresiographischen Texten, vol. 1. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011.
van Ess, Josef. Theology and Society in the Second and Third Centuries of the Hijra: A History of Religious Thought in Early Islam, vol. 4. Transl. by Gwendolin Goldbloom. Leiden: Brill, 2019.
Watt, W. Montgomery. The Formative Period of Islamic Thought. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1973.
Wisnovsky, Robert. âOne Aspect of the Avicennian Turn in SunnÄ« Theology.â Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 14 (2004): 65â100.
Wolfson, Harry Austryn. The Philosophy of the Kalam. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1976.
ZamakhsharÄ«, AbÅ« l-QÄsim JÄrallÄh MaḥmÅ«d b. Ê¿Umar al-. TafsÄ«r al-KashshÄf Ê¿an ḥaqÄʾiq al-tanzÄ«l wa-Ê¿uyÅ«n al-aqÄwÄ«l fÄ« wujÅ«h al-taʾwÄ«l. Ed. by KhalÄ«l MaʾmÅ«n ThÄ«mÄ. Beirut: DÄr al-maÊ¿rifa, 2009.
Zysow, Aron. âMuÊ¿tazilism and MÄturÄ«dism in ḤanafÄ« Legal Theory.â In Studies in Islamic Legal Theory. Ed. by Bernard G. Weiss. Leiden: Brill, 2002, 235â265.
Zysow, Aron. âKarrÄmiyya.â In The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology. Ed. by Sabine Schmidtke. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, 252â262.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 1339 | 556 | 20 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 162 | 7 | 0 |
| PDF-Downloads | 415 | 13 | 0 |
AbÅ« l-Yusr al-BazdawÄ« (d. 493/1100) was a notable early MÄturÄ«dite theologian who made an important contribution to the formation of his school by embracing kalÄm and promoting the image of al-MÄturÄ«dÄ« (d. 333/944) as a Sunnite leader when the science was not yet popular in his region of Transoxania. This produced some tension in his thought as he negotiated rationalist and traditionalist doctrines and their adherents. Indications of this are found in his discussion of Godâs speech in which he argues for the Sunnite doctrine of eternal divine speech while effectively affirming the createdness of scriptures; at the same time, he defends those who assert the uncreatedness of the Quran and maintains that Godâs speech is truly written, memorized, recited, and heard.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 1339 | 556 | 20 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 162 | 7 | 0 |
| PDF-Downloads | 415 | 13 | 0 |