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A Wet Nurse Debate: Jews, Christians, and Later Medieval âRacismâ
in Medieval EncountersSearch for other papers by Irven M. Resnick in
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Abstract
It is clear that medieval Jews employed Christian wet nurses, as well as other Christian domestic servants, and that ecclesiastical condemnations did not prevail against social and economic interests. In Etsi Judeos Pope Innocent III, who had earlier complained loudly that Jews across France are unscrupulous usurers, thieves, blasphemers, and secret murderers of Christians, added the unsubstantiated complaint that âon the day of the Lordâs Resurrection,â i.e., Easter, after they have received the Eucharist, âthe Jews make these women,â that is, Christian wet nurses, âpour their milk into the latrine for three days before they again give suck to the children.â
This paper surveys both the ecclesiastical and medical or natural-philosophical sources that contributed to a protracted medieval debate over maternal nursing versus the employment of wet nurses; examines Innocent IIIâs allegation that Jews force their Christian wet nurses to pour out their milk for three days after having received communion, and its novel implications; investigates complaints of cross-confessional nursing (whether of Christians nursing Jewish infants, or Jewish or Muslim wet nurses in Christian households); and explores a shift in later medieval and early modern Christian texts away from concerns over Christian wet nurses caring for Jewish infants toward racialized fears of Jewish women nursing Christian children.
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| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 681 | 225 | 11 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 116 | 44 | 3 |
| PDF-Downloads | 278 | 113 | 9 |
A Wet Nurse Debate: Jews, Christians, and Later Medieval âRacismâ
in Medieval EncountersSearch for other papers by Irven M. Resnick in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
It is clear that medieval Jews employed Christian wet nurses, as well as other Christian domestic servants, and that ecclesiastical condemnations did not prevail against social and economic interests. In Etsi Judeos Pope Innocent III, who had earlier complained loudly that Jews across France are unscrupulous usurers, thieves, blasphemers, and secret murderers of Christians, added the unsubstantiated complaint that âon the day of the Lordâs Resurrection,â i.e., Easter, after they have received the Eucharist, âthe Jews make these women,â that is, Christian wet nurses, âpour their milk into the latrine for three days before they again give suck to the children.â
This paper surveys both the ecclesiastical and medical or natural-philosophical sources that contributed to a protracted medieval debate over maternal nursing versus the employment of wet nurses; examines Innocent IIIâs allegation that Jews force their Christian wet nurses to pour out their milk for three days after having received communion, and its novel implications; investigates complaints of cross-confessional nursing (whether of Christians nursing Jewish infants, or Jewish or Muslim wet nurses in Christian households); and explores a shift in later medieval and early modern Christian texts away from concerns over Christian wet nurses caring for Jewish infants toward racialized fears of Jewish women nursing Christian children.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 681 | 225 | 11 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 116 | 44 | 3 |
| PDF-Downloads | 278 | 113 | 9 |
