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Replacing fish oil with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil in diets for Penaeus vannamei: Effects on growth and fatty acid composition
in Journal of Insects as Food and FeedSearch for other papers by Jaehyeong Shin in
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Search for other papers by Mirasha Hasanthi in
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Marine Life Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, South Korea
Search for other papers by Kyeong-Jun Lee in
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Abstract
A primary concern in aquaculture is finding alternative sources of fish oil (FO); therefore, this study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary FO with black soldier fly larvae oil (BO) for Pacific white shrimp. The basal diet (Con) contained 6% sardine meal, 6% tuna meal and 5% squid liver meal as marine protein sources and was supplemented with 4% cod liver oil as the dietary FO source. The supplemented FO was replaced with BO by 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels (designated as BO25, BO50, BO75 and BO100, respectively). The shrimp (average weight, 0.892 ± 0.003 g) were distributed into 20 tanks (240 litres) at a density of 30 shrimp per tank. Shrimp were fed the experimental diets for 8 weeks. A significantly higher growth performance was observed in the BO100 group compared to the Con group. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were higher in BO supplemented groups than in Con group. Replacement of supplemented FO with BO did not affect whole-body proximate composition and haemolymph chemistry including plasma total protein, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Muscle and hepatopancreas fatty acid profiles were affected by dietary treatments. Highest levels of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-3/n-6 ratio were detected in the Con group in both hepatopancreas and muscle tissues. In contrast, C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0 and total saturated fatty acids in muscle were highest in the BO100 group. Digestibility of lipid, energy, protein and dry matter was not significantly different among the dietary groups. Replacement of FO with BO downregulated the expression of fatty acid binding protein and triacylglycerol lipase while upregulating carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1. Replacement of FO with BO did not significantly affect shrimp survival against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. However, BO supplemented groups showed higher cumulative survival compared to the Con group, with the BO25 group exhibiting the highest survival, followed by BO50, BO75, BO100, and Con. In conclusion, dietary supplemented FO can be completely replaced with BO in high marine protein shrimp diet containing 6% sardine meal, 6% tuna meal and 5% squid liver meal, without adverse effects on biochemical indices, nutrient digestibility and whole-body proximate composition, while improving growth and antioxidant capacity of the shrimp.
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Replacing fish oil with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil in diets for Penaeus vannamei: Effects on growth and fatty acid composition
in Journal of Insects as Food and FeedSearch for other papers by Jaehyeong Shin in
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Marine Life Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, South Korea
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Abstract
A primary concern in aquaculture is finding alternative sources of fish oil (FO); therefore, this study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary FO with black soldier fly larvae oil (BO) for Pacific white shrimp. The basal diet (Con) contained 6% sardine meal, 6% tuna meal and 5% squid liver meal as marine protein sources and was supplemented with 4% cod liver oil as the dietary FO source. The supplemented FO was replaced with BO by 25, 50, 75 and 100% levels (designated as BO25, BO50, BO75 and BO100, respectively). The shrimp (average weight, 0.892 ± 0.003 g) were distributed into 20 tanks (240 litres) at a density of 30 shrimp per tank. Shrimp were fed the experimental diets for 8 weeks. A significantly higher growth performance was observed in the BO100 group compared to the Con group. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were higher in BO supplemented groups than in Con group. Replacement of supplemented FO with BO did not affect whole-body proximate composition and haemolymph chemistry including plasma total protein, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Muscle and hepatopancreas fatty acid profiles were affected by dietary treatments. Highest levels of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-3/n-6 ratio were detected in the Con group in both hepatopancreas and muscle tissues. In contrast, C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0 and total saturated fatty acids in muscle were highest in the BO100 group. Digestibility of lipid, energy, protein and dry matter was not significantly different among the dietary groups. Replacement of FO with BO downregulated the expression of fatty acid binding protein and triacylglycerol lipase while upregulating carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1. Replacement of FO with BO did not significantly affect shrimp survival against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. However, BO supplemented groups showed higher cumulative survival compared to the Con group, with the BO25 group exhibiting the highest survival, followed by BO50, BO75, BO100, and Con. In conclusion, dietary supplemented FO can be completely replaced with BO in high marine protein shrimp diet containing 6% sardine meal, 6% tuna meal and 5% squid liver meal, without adverse effects on biochemical indices, nutrient digestibility and whole-body proximate composition, while improving growth and antioxidant capacity of the shrimp.
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