Possibilities and limitations in the application of different radar types for ornithological research are summarized. Methodological details are given for the tracking radar “Superfledermaus". The pencil-beam of this radar can either be fixed at a certain angle or used in a conical or vertical scanning mode to obtain data on the spatial distribution of birds. Procedures and problems of calculating bird numbers from the radar data obtained by conical scanning are emphasized. In the tracking mode, the flight paths of single targets like birds or meteorological balloons can be recorded. The fluctuations of the radar signals provide information on the birds' wingbeat pattern, thus offering the possibility to obtain data on the proportions of different bird classes aloft and to compare the flight path data of a bird, such as track, heading, ground speed, air speed, vertical speed, gliding angle, and altitude, with wing flapping and environmental conditions.
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Alfiya H.Surveillance radar data on diurnal migration over Israel Isr. J. Zool 1995 41 517 522
Bloch R., Bruderer B., Steiner P.Flugverhalten nächtlich ziehender Vögel Radardaten über den Zug verschiedener Vogeltypen auf einem Alpenpass. Vogelwarte 1981 31 119 148
Bruderer B.Zur Registrierung und Interpretation von Echosignaturen an einem 3-cm—Zielverfolgungsradar Ornithol. Beob 1969 66 70 88
Bruderer B.Radarbeobachtungen über den Frühlingszug im Schweizerischen Mittelland Ornithol. Beob 1971 68 89 158
Bruderer B., Vogelzugforschung unter Einsatz von Radargeräten. Biometrie—heute und morgen Köppcke W., Uberla K.Berlin Springer 1980Med. Informatik u. Statistik
Bruderer B.Radar studies on bird migration in the south of Israel. In: Proceedings Bird Strike Committee Europe 21, Jerusalem 1992 270 280
Bruderer B.Research on bird migration by tracking radar in the Negev Torgos 1994a 23 29 38(in Hebrew, English summary)
Bruderer B.Nocturnal bird migration in the Negev (Israel)—A tracking radar study Ostrich 1994b 65 204 212
Bruderer B., Joss J.Methoden und Probleme der Bestimmung von Radarquerschnitten frei fliegender Vögel Rev. Suisse Zool 1969 76 1106 1118
Bruderer B., Jenni L.Vogelzug. Sempach, Switzerland, Schweizerische Vogelwarte 1988
Bruderer B., Liechti F.Richtungsverhalten nachtziehender Vögel in Süddeutschland und der Schweiz unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Windeinflusses Ornithol. Beob 1990 87 271 293
Bruderer B., Liechti F.Quantification of bird migration—different means compared. In: Proceedings Bird Strike Committee Europe 22, Vienna; 1994 243 254
Buurma L.S.Thermal imaging, a new remote sensing technique for nocturnal wildlife studies. In: Proceedings Bird Strike Committee Europe 19, Madrid 1988 621 628
Buurma L.S.Long-range surveillance radars as indicators of bird numbers aloft. Isr. J. Zool.41: 1995 221 236
Buurma L.S., Bruderer B.The application of radar for bird strike reduction. Bird Strike Committee Europe, The Hague 1990 75
Cooper B.A., Day R.H., Ritchie R.J., Cranor C.L.An improved marine radar system for studies of bird migration J. Field Ornithol 1991 62 367 377
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Possibilities and limitations in the application of different radar types for ornithological research are summarized. Methodological details are given for the tracking radar “Superfledermaus". The pencil-beam of this radar can either be fixed at a certain angle or used in a conical or vertical scanning mode to obtain data on the spatial distribution of birds. Procedures and problems of calculating bird numbers from the radar data obtained by conical scanning are emphasized. In the tracking mode, the flight paths of single targets like birds or meteorological balloons can be recorded. The fluctuations of the radar signals provide information on the birds' wingbeat pattern, thus offering the possibility to obtain data on the proportions of different bird classes aloft and to compare the flight path data of a bird, such as track, heading, ground speed, air speed, vertical speed, gliding angle, and altitude, with wing flapping and environmental conditions.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 299 | 46 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 15 | 0 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 15 | 0 | 0 |