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Development of a three-minute aerobic step test to predict peak VO2 for children aged 7-11 years

In: Comparative Exercise Physiology
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J.W. Farris Department of Physical Therapy, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Arkansas State University, PO BOX 910, State University, Arkansas 72467, USA

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https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8883-2448
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S. Everman Kinesiology Degree Program, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9195-7134
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T.N. Becker Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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B.L. Flippin Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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A.F. Gomez Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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C.D. Hanyzewski Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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N.L. Hawley Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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M.K. Holley Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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E.R.C. Redfern Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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C.A. Smith Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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N. Sutton Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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L. Twohy Physical Therapy Department, A.T. Still University, 5850 East Still Circle, Mesa, Arizona 85206, USA

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Abstract

Purpose: Lower physical activity in children may contribute to obesity and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the current study was to design a portable and validated step test that predicts aerobic capacity in healthy children aged 7-11 years. Methods: Children were recruited for a single day of testing. Anthropometric measurements and baseline heart rate (HR) were obtained, and then two 3-min step tests (low and high step conditions) were performed in random order. The second test was conducted after HR returned to baseline. Then, participants performed a peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) test. Results: Of 128 children, 75 were included in our analysis. Heart rate after a step test was inversely related to peak VO2. Predictive model 1 (M1) and predictive model 2 (M2) were developed to predict aerobic capacity. Although M1 included body fat percentage, it was not better than M2 (M1 R 2 = 0.63, SE = 4.48 vs M2 R 2 = 0.61, SE = 4.58). Conclusion: Our results suggested a simple step test can accurately predict aerobic capacity of children with, or without measuring body fat percentage. These results may be a useful starting point for developing fitness norms for children aged 7-11 years, using the step test in clinical or school settings, and guiding potential interventions for aerobic fitness in children.

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