The presence of Portuguese in Africa for more than five centuries has left a sensible trace in the languages spoken on the continent. Exploiting a Data Base created to monitor the influence of Portuguese on African languages, this paper tries to show how more than five hundred Portuguese loans are found in some one hundred and fifty African languages. The degree of assimilation and their numbers vary from language to language, but it is astonishing to find some Portuguese loans even in some languages spoken in the interior of the continent, far from the places where Portuguese presence was firmly established for a long time.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Abraham, R. Cl. (1958) Dictionary of Modern Yoruba. London.
Abraham, R. Cl. (1962) Dictionary of the Hausa language. London.
Alexandre, R.P. (1953) La langue mÅré (Mémoires de lâInstitut Français dâAfrique Noire, 34). Dakar.
Arame, F., Santos, R., Doneux, J.L. (1990) Dictionnaire Wolof-français, suivi dâun index français-Wolof. Paris.
Ardant du Picq, [Ch.P.] (1933) La langue Songhay. Dialecte dyerma. Paris.
Bal, Willy (1975) à propos de mots dâorigine portugaise en Afrique Noire, in M.F. Valkhoff (ed.), Miscelânea Luso-Africana, 119â132. Lisboa.
Baldi, S. (1989) I prestiti portoghesi in Swahili, in Studi in memoria di Erilde Melillo Reali, 25â40. Napoli.
Baldi, S. (1998) Presenza del portoghese in alcune lingue africane, in M.L. Cusati (ed.), Il Portogallo e i mari: un incontro tra culture (Napoli, 15â17 dicembre 1994), 571â599. Napoli.
Baldi, S. (2008) Dictionnaire des emprunts arabes dans les langues de lâAfrique de lâOuest et en swahili (Dictionnaires et Langues). Paris.
Banfield, A.W. (1914) Dictionary of the Nupe Language, vol. 1 (Nupe-English). Shonga.
Bathily, A., Cl. Meillassoux (1975) Lexique soninké (sarakolé)-français (Les Langues Africaines au Senegal, 64). Dakar.
Benson, T.G. (1964) Kikuyu-English dictionay. Oxford.
Bentley, W.H. (1887) Dictionary and Grammar of the Kongo Language, as spoken at San Salvador, the Ancient Capital of the Old Kongo Empire, West Africa. London.
Bouquiaux, L. et alii (1978) Dictionnaire sango-français et lexique français-sango (Langues et civilisations à tradition orale, 29). Paris.
Bradshaw, A.T. von S. (1965) Vestiges of Portuguese in the languages of Sierra Leone. Sierra Leone Language Review 4, 5â37.
Cannell, W.M. (n.d.) A Concise Fanti-English Dictionary. London.
Carteron, Michel (1972) Petit lexique baoule-français. Livret 3: études de la langue baoule. Mission Catholique de Bocanda.
Crazzolara, J.P. (1955 2) A Study of the Acooli Language. Grammar and Vocabulary. London.
Crazzolara, J.P. (1978) A Study of the Pokot (Suk) Language. Grammar and Vocabulary. Bologna.
Creissels, D., S. Jatta, K. Jobarteh (1982) Lexique mandinka-français. Mandenkan (Bulletin semestriel dâétudes, 3 automne 1982).
Cyffer, N., J.P. Hutchison eds. (1990) Dictionary of the Kanuri Language. Dordrecht.
Delafosse, M. (1955) La Langue mandingue et ses dialectes (malinké, bambara, dioula), 2e volume Dictionnaire mandingue-français. Paris.
De Wolf, Paul P. (1995) English-Fula Dictionary. A Multidialectal Approach (Sprache und Oralität in Afrika, Band 18). Berlin.
Doke, Clement M. (1963²) English-Lamba Vocabulary. Johannesburg.
Dumestre, Gérard (1988, 1991, 1992) Dictionnaire bambara-français, 9 vols. Paris (imprimé par lâauteur).
Dupuis, A.Y. (1917) Essai de méthode pratique pour lâétude de la langue songoï ou songaï, langue commerciale et politique de Tombouctou et du Moyen-Niger, suivie dâune légende en songoï avec traduction et dâun dictionnaire songoï-français. Paris.
Ebert, K.H. (1976) Sprache und Tradition der Kera (Tschad), Teil 2: Lexikon / Lexique (MSAA, 8). Berlin.
van Everbroeck, R. (1985) Dictionnaire lingála-français et français-lingála. Limete (Kinshasa).
Fisch, R. (1912) Grammatik der Dagomba-Sprache (Dagbane) (Archiv für das Studium deutscher Kolonialsprachen, Band 14). Berlin.
[GILLBT] (1980) Vagla-English Dictionary English-Vagla. Tamale, Ghana.
Hacquard, A., A. Dupuis (1897) Manuel de la langue soñgay. Paris.
Hannan, M. (1968) Standard Shona Dictionary. London.
Heath, J. (1998) Dictionnaire Songhay-anglais-français. (Langues dâAfrique). Tome I (Koyra chiini); tome II (Djenné chiini); tome III (Koroboro senni). ParisâMontréal.
Innes, G. (1969) A Mende-English Dictionary. Cambridge.
Johnson, Fr. (1939) A Standard Swahili-English Dictionary. LondonâOxford.
Junta de Investigações do Ultramar (1963) Dicionário cinyanja-portuguê (pelos Missionários da Companhia de Jesus). Lisboa.
Kilian-Hatz, Ch. (2003) Khwe Dictionary. With a Supplement on Khwe Place-names of West Caprivi by Matthias Brenzinger (Namibian African Studies, 7). Köln.
Kiraithe, J.M., N.T. Baden (1976) Portuguese Influences in East African Languages. African Studies 35/1, 3â31.
Knappert, J. (1972â1973) The Study of Loan Words in African Languages. Afrika und Ãbersee 56/4, 283â308.
Koelle, S.W. (1854) Polyglotta Africana. London.
Laman, K.E. (1936) Dictionnaire kikongo-français avec une étude phonétique décrivant les dialectes les plus importants de la langue dite kikongo. Bruxelles.
Leger, R. (forth.). Kupto Dictionary.
Lukas, J. (1937) A Study of the Kanuri Language. London.
McCall, Daniel F. (1969) Swahili Loanwords: Whence and When, in D.F. McCall, N.R. Bennett, J. Butler (eds.), Eastern African History (Boston University Papers on Africa, II), 28â73. New YorkâWashingtonâLondon.
Murphy, J.D. (1972) Luganda-English Dictionary (Publications in the Languages of Africa, 2). Washington, D.C.
Nascentes, A. (1955) Dicionário etimológico da lÃngua Portuguesa. Rio de Janeiro.
Noel, P. (1923) Petit manuel français kanouri. Paris.
Odonga, Alexander (2005) Lwo-English Dictionary. Kampala.
Palayer, P. (1992) Dictionnaire sar-français. Tchad. Paris.
Pichl, W.J. (1964) Sherbro-English Dictionary. Freetown.
Pires Prata, A. (1990) Dicionário Macua-Português. Lisboa.
Prost, A. (1983) Inventaire des mots dâorigine arabe passés dans diverses langues de lâAfrique de lâOuest. Paris.
Ruelland, S. (1988) Dictionnaire tupuri-français-anglais. Région de Mindaoré, Tchad (Langues et cultures africaines 10. SELAF 213). Paris.
Sacleux, Ch. (1939) Dictionnaire Swahili-français. Paris.
Santa Maria, L. (1967) I prestiti portoghesi nel malese indonesiano. Napoli.
Sitoe, B. (1996) Dicionário changana-português. Maputo.
Sitoe, B., N. Mahumana, P. Langa (2008) Dicionário Ronga-Português. Cidade de Maputo.
Snoxall, R.A. ed. (1967) Luganda-English Dictionary. Oxford.
Swartenbroeckk, P. (1973) Dictionnaire kikongo et kituba-français. Vocabulaire comparé des langues kongo traditionnels et véhiculaires (série III, vol. 2). Bandundu.
Swift, Ll. B., E.W.A. Zola (1963) Kituba: Basic course (Basic Course Series). Washington, D.C.
Taylor, F.W. (1932) A Fulani-English Dictionary. Oxford.
Tucker, A. (1946â1947) Foreign Sounds in Swahili. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 11/4, 854â871; 12/1, 214â232.
Vasconcelos, C. Michaëlis de (1895) Fragmentos etymológicos. RL 3: 129â190.
Wehr, H. (1966) A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic (ed. by J. Milton Cowan). WiesbadenâLondon.
Westermann, D. (1939) Die Ewe-Sprache in Togo (Lehrbücher der Ausland-Hochschule an der Universität Berlin, Band 39). Berlin.
Wilkie, M.B. (1930) Ga grammar notes and exercices. Oxford.
Zima, P. (1994) Lexique dendi (Songhay): (Djougou, Bénin); avec un index français-dendi (Westafrikanische Studien. Frankfurter Beiträge zur Sprach- und Kulturgeschichte, Band 4). Köln.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 1493 | 235 | 6 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 277 | 2 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 82 | 4 | 0 |
The presence of Portuguese in Africa for more than five centuries has left a sensible trace in the languages spoken on the continent. Exploiting a Data Base created to monitor the influence of Portuguese on African languages, this paper tries to show how more than five hundred Portuguese loans are found in some one hundred and fifty African languages. The degree of assimilation and their numbers vary from language to language, but it is astonishing to find some Portuguese loans even in some languages spoken in the interior of the continent, far from the places where Portuguese presence was firmly established for a long time.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 1493 | 235 | 6 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 277 | 2 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 82 | 4 | 0 |