Möchten Sie über diese Zeitschrift informiert bleiben? Klicken Sie bitte auf die Buttons, um unsere Alerts zu abonnieren.
Möchten Sie über diese Zeitschrift informiert bleiben? Klicken Sie bitte auf die Buttons, um unsere Alerts zu abonnieren.
Green roofs may cast shadows
in Israel Journal of Ecology and EvolutionSearch for other papers by Robert D. Holt in
Current site
Google Scholar
A “green roof” is a roof on a structure created by humans, which has a plant community (and various hangers-on) established on it. There are many potential benefits of green roofs, ranging from moderation of local microclimates to modulations of storm runoffs, and green roofs may serve the enhancement of biodiversity conservation, as well. Green roofs would seem to be quintessential examples of a “novel ecosystem”. Here, I first outline some dimensions of the novelty that warrant more research. Green roofs can provide many opportunities for creative ecological research in the assembly, dynamics and functioning of novel ecosystems. Then, I briefly discuss some potential biodiversity hazards that are created along with green roofs. Recognizing these potential “shadows” of a green roof by no means belies the strong and compelling rationale for promoting green roofs, in terms of sustainability and livability of human structures; instead the points I raise are simply issues which should be evaluated and quantified when promoting green roofs broadly as a design strategy in new buildings or retrofitted existing structures.
Kauf
Sofortzugang erwerben (PDF-Download und unbegrenzter Online-Zugang):
Institutszugang
Melden Sie sich mit Open Athens, Shibboleth oder Ihren institutionellen Anmeldedaten an.
Persönliche Anmeldung
Melden Sie sich mit Ihrem brill.com-Konto an
-
Akbari H, , Menon S, , Rosenfeld A. 2009. Global cooling: increasing world-wide urban albedos to offset CO2. Clim Change. 94:275–286.
-
Aloisio JM, , Palmer MI, , Tuininga AR, , Lewis JD. 2015. Plant community dynamics of native plant assemblages on geographically isolated green roofs. Abstract. Available from: http://eco.confex.com/eco/2015/webprogram/Paper51816.html.
-
Berg MP., 2012. Patterns of biodiversity at fine and small spatial scales. In: Wall D, editor. Soil ecology and ecosystem services. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
Bribian IZ, , Uson AA, , Scarpellini S. 2009. Life cycle assessment in buildings: state-of-the-art and simplified LCA methodology as a complement for building certification. Build Environ. 44:2510–2520.
-
Caswell H.2007. Sensitivity analysis of transient population dynamics. Ecol Lett. 10:1–15.
-
Chesson P, , Geaurer RLE, , Schwinning S, , Huntly N, , Wiegand K, , Ernest MSK, , Sher A, , Novoplansky A, , Weltzin JF. 2004. Resource pulses, species interactions, and diversity maintenance in arid and semi-arid environments. Oecologia. 141:236–235.
-
Claudio L.2011. Planting healthier indoor air. Environ Health Perspect. 119:A426–A427.
-
DeChaine EG, , Martin AP. 2005. Marked genetic divergence among sky island populations of Sedumlanceolatum (Carrulaceae) in the Rocky Mountains. Am J Botany. 92:477–486.
-
Dunn R.2012. The story of the most common bird in the world. Available from: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-story-of-the-most-common-bird-in-the-world-113046500/?no-ist.
-
Forman RTT.2014. Urban ecology: science of cities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
Fukami T.2015. Historical contingency in community assembly: integrating niches, species pools, and priority effects. Ecol Evol Syst.
-
Gibbens RP, , Lenz JM. 2001. Root systems of some Chihuahuan Desert Plants. J Arid Environ. 49:221–263.
-
Gomulkiewicz R, , Holt RD, , Barfield M. 1999. The effects of density dependence and immigration on local adaptation and niche evolution in a black-hole sink environment. Theoret Popul Biol. 55:283–296.
-
Haddad NM, , Brudvig LA, , Clobert J, , Davies KF, , Gonzalez A, , Holt RD, , Lovejoy TE, , Sexton JO, , Austin MP, , Collins CD, et al.. 2015. Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impacts on Earth's ecosystems. Sci Adv. 1(2):e1500052. doi:
-
Handel SN.2015. Jump-starting the habitat engine. Ecol Restora. 33:1–2.
-
Harrison S., , Rajakaruna N. editors. 2011. Serpentine: the evolution and ecology of a model system. Berkeley (CA): University of California Press.
-
Hastings A.2004. Transients: the key to long-term ecological understanding. Trends Ecol Evol. 19:39–45.
-
Heyward F.1933. The root system of longleaf pine on the deep sands of western Florida. Ecology. 14:136–148.
-
Hobbs RJ, , Higgs ES, , Hall CM. 2013. Novel ecosystems: intervening in the new ecological world order. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
-
Huhta V.2007. The role of soil fauna in ecosystems: a historical review. Pedobiologia. 50:489–495.
-
Jenny H.1994. Factors of soil formation: a system of quantitative pedology. New York (NY): Dover Publications.
-
Johnston RF., 2001. Syananthropic birds of North America. In: Marzluff JM, , Bowman R, , Donnelly R, editors. Avian ecology and conservation in an urbanizing world. Boston (MA): Kluwer Academic Publishers.
-
Johnston RF, , Janiga M. 1995. Feral pigeons. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-
Johnston RF, , Selander RK. 1973. Evolution in the house sparrow. III. Variation in size and sexual dimorphism in Europe and North and South America. Am Naturalist. 107:373–390.
-
Kardol P, , Wardle DA. 2010. How understanding aboveground-belowground linkages can assist restoration ecology. Trends Ecol Evol. 25:670–679.
-
Kinlock NL, , Schindler BY, , Gurevitch J. 2016. Biological invasions in the context of green roofs. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):32–43.
-
Lechowicz MJ, , Bell G. 1991. The ecology and genetics of fitness in forest plants. II. Microspatial heterogeneity of the edaphic environment. J Ecol. 79:687–696.
-
Lenormand T.2002. Gene flow and the limits to natural selection. Trends Ecol Evol. 17:183–189.
-
Longleaf Alliance. 2015. Longleaf roots. Available from: http://www.longleafalliance.org/longleaf-pine/physiology/longleaf-pine-roots
-
Loss SR, , Will T, , Marra PP. 2013. The impact of free-ranging domestic cats on wildlife of the United States. Nature Commun. 4:1396. doi:
-
Lundholm J. 2016. Spontaneous dynamics and wild design in green roofs. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):23–31.
-
Maddox D, editor. 2015. Why don't all public buildings have green roofs? Available from: http://www.thenatureofcities.com/2015/08/12/why-dont-all-public-buildings-have-green-roofs-or-all-large-private-buildings-e-g-businesses-would-this-be-a-good-idea-what-would-it-take-to-make-it-happen-and-to-make-it-worthwhile/
-
Martin G.2015. Available from: http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/tanstaafl.html
-
Mayr E.1963. Animal species and evolution. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press.
-
McGuire KL, , Payne SG, , Oraz G, , Palmer MI, . 2015. Bacteria and fungi in green roof ecosystems. In: Sutton R, editor. Green roof ecosystems, Ecologicla Studies 223. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
-
McGuire KL, , Payne SG, , Palmer M, , Gillikin CM, , Kaefe D, , Kim SJ, , Gadallovich SM, , Discenza J, , Rangemannar R, , Koshner JA, et al.. 2013. Digging the New York city skyline: soil fungal communities in green roofs and city parks. PLOS One. 8(3):e58020/1–13.
-
Molineux CJ, , Connop SP, , Gange AC. 2014. Manipulating soil microbial communities in extensive green roof substrates. Sci Total Environ. 493:632–638.
-
Nagase A, , Dunnett N. 2013. Establishment of an annual meadow on extensive green roofs in the UK. Landscape Urban Plan. 112:50–62.
-
Nash C, , Clough J, , Gedge D, , Newport D, , Ciupala MA, , Connop S. 2016. Insights on the biodiversity potential of biosolar roofs: a London Olympic Park green roof case study. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):74–87.
-
Oberndorfer E, , Lundholm J, , Bass B, , Coffman RR, , Doshi H, , Dunnett N, , Gaffin S, , Kohler M, , Liu KKY, , Rowe B. 2007. Green roofs as urban ecosystems: ecological structures, functions, and services. Bioscience. 57:823–833.
-
O’Conner J2004. Durability service life. Available from: http://cwc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/DurabilityService_Life_E.pdf
-
Orians GH.2014. Snakes, sunrises, and Shakespeare: how evolution shapes our loves and fears. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press.
-
Pickett STA, , McGrath B, , Cadenasso ML, . 2013. The ecology of the metacity: shaping the dynamic, patchy, networked, and adaptive cities of the future. In: Pickett STA, , Cadenasso ML, , McGrath B, editors. Resilience in ecology and urban design. Berlin: Springer.
-
Rosenzweig ML. 2016. Green roofs: new ecosystems to defend species diversity. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):7–14.
-
Rumble H, , Gange AC. 2013. Soil microarthropod community dynamics in extensive green roofs. Ecol Eng. 57:197–204.
-
Schindler BY, Blank L, Levy S, Kadas G, Pearlmutter D, Blaustein L. 2016. Integration of photovoltaic panels and green roofs: review and predictions of effects on electricity production and plant communities. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):68–73.
-
Shure DJ., 1999. Granite outcrops of the southeastern United States. In: Anderson RC, , Fralish JS, , Baksin JM, editors. Savannas, barrens, and rock outcrop communities of North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
Terborgh J, , Estes JA, editors. 2010. Trophic cascades: predators, prey and the changing dynamics of nature. Washington (DC): Island Press.
-
Thuring C, , Grant G. 2016. The biodiversity of temperate extensive green roofs – a review of research and practice. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):44–57.
-
Thuring CE, , Dunnett N. 2014. Vegetation composition of old extensive green roofs (from 1980s Germany). Ecol Proc. 3:4. Available from: http://www.ecologicalprocesses.com/content/3/1/4.
-
United Nations. 2015. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects. The 2014 Revision (ST/ESA/SER.A/366).
-
Vasl A, Heim A. 2016. Preserving plant diversity on extensive green roofs - theory to practice. Israel J Ecol Evol. 62(1–2):103–111.
-
Wall DH, , Moore JC. 1999. Interactions underground: soil biodiversity, mutualism, and ecosystem processes. Bio Sci. 49:109–117.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 732 | 58 | 10 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 57 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF-Downloads | 66 | 2 | 0 |
Green roofs may cast shadows
in Israel Journal of Ecology and EvolutionSearch for other papers by Robert D. Holt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
A “green roof” is a roof on a structure created by humans, which has a plant community (and various hangers-on) established on it. There are many potential benefits of green roofs, ranging from moderation of local microclimates to modulations of storm runoffs, and green roofs may serve the enhancement of biodiversity conservation, as well. Green roofs would seem to be quintessential examples of a “novel ecosystem”. Here, I first outline some dimensions of the novelty that warrant more research. Green roofs can provide many opportunities for creative ecological research in the assembly, dynamics and functioning of novel ecosystems. Then, I briefly discuss some potential biodiversity hazards that are created along with green roofs. Recognizing these potential “shadows” of a green roof by no means belies the strong and compelling rationale for promoting green roofs, in terms of sustainability and livability of human structures; instead the points I raise are simply issues which should be evaluated and quantified when promoting green roofs broadly as a design strategy in new buildings or retrofitted existing structures.
| Insgesamt | Letzte 365 Tage | In den letzten 30 Tagen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aufrufe von Kurzbeschreibungen | 732 | 58 | 10 |
| Gesamttextansichten | 57 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF-Downloads | 66 | 2 | 0 |
