Repeated bout effect and muscle damage at variable eccentric exercise intensities in active young men: a longitudinal repeated measures investigation
In: Comparative Exercise PhysiologySearch for other papers by A. Rai in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by P. Bhati in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by S. Pal in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by P. Anand in
Current site
Google Scholar
Abstract
Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and repeated bout effect (RBE) are widely researched across various populations and at various intensities. Despite the existence of vast literature, there is lack of comparison of low versus submaximal versus maximal intensity required for preconditioning. The aim of the study was to compare the muscle damage and RBE at various intensities of eccentric exercise in active young men. Thirty-six healthy, physically active men were recruited and randomly assigned to three different groups low-high (L-H, n = 12), submaximal-high (M-H, n = 12) and maximal-high (H-H, n = 12). All participants performed 2 exercise bouts separated by 14 days. L-H, M-H and H-H groups performed low (10% of 1RM), moderate (50% of 1RM) and high (90% of 1RM) intensity eccentric exercise for knee extensors, respectively, in the 1st bout followed by high (100% of 1RM) intensity in the second bout. Muscle soreness (SOR), thigh circumference (CIR), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), range of motion (ROM) and blood lactate (Bl Lac) were measured before, immediately, at 24 h, at 48 h and at 72 h after exercise. A significant effect of time appeared for MVIC (
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Aiman, S., Moiz, J.A., Verma, S., Shareef, M.Y. and Hussain, M.E., 2015. Comparison of muscle damage response among different submaximal repeated eccentric exercise bouts: a dose response study. Annals of Sports Medicine and Research 2: 1053.
-
Bloomer, R.J., Falvo, M.J., Schilling, B.K. and Smith, W.A., 2007. Prior exercise and antioxidant supplementation: effect on oxidative stress and muscle injury. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 4: 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-4-9
-
Bohannon, R.W., 1986. Test-retest reliability of hand-held dynamometry during a single session of strength assessment. Physical Therapy 66: 206-209.
-
Boyd, L., Deakin, G.B., Devantier-Thomas, B., Singh, U. and Doma, K., 2023. The effects of pre-conditioning on exercise-induced muscle damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine 53: 1537-1557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01839-8
-
Brzycki, M., 1993. Strength testing – predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance 64: 88-90.
-
Byrne, C., Twist, C. and Eston, R., 2004. Neuromuscular function after exercise-induced muscle damage: theoretical and applied implications. Sports Medicine 34: 49-69. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200434010-00005
-
Byrnes, W.C., Clarkson, P.M., White, J.S., Hsieh, S.S., Frykman, P.N. and Maughan, R.J., 1985. Delayed onset muscle soreness following repeated bouts of downhill running. Journal of Applied Physiology 59: 710-715. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.59.3.710
-
Chen, T.C., Chen, H.L., Pearce, A.J. and Nosaka, K., 2012. Attenuation of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage by preconditioning exercises. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 44: 2090-2098. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31825f69f3
-
Chen, T.C., Lin, K.Y., Chen, H.L., Lin, M.J. and Nosaka, K., 2011. Comparison in eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage among four limb muscles. European Journal of Applied Physiology 111: 211-223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1648-7
-
Chen, T.C., Lin, M.J., Chen, H.L., Yu, H.I. and Nosaka, K., 2018. Contralateral repeated bout effect of the knee flexors. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 50: 542-550. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001470
-
Chen, T.C., Tseng, W.C., Huang, G.L., Chen, H.L., Tseng, K.W. and Nosaka, K., 2017. Superior effects of eccentric to concentric knee extensor resistance training on physical fitness, insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles of elderly men. Frontiers in Physiology 8: 209. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00209
-
Chen, T.C., Yang, T.J., Huang, M.J., Wang, H.S., Tseng, K.W., Chen, H.L. and Nosaka, K., 2019. Damage and the repeated bout effect of arm, leg, and trunk muscles induced by eccentric resistance exercises. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 29: 725-735. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13388
-
Clarkson, P.M., 1997. Eccentric exercise and muscle damage. International Journal of Sports Medicine 18 Suppl. 4: S314-S317.
-
Clarkson, P.M. and Hubal, M.J., 2002. Exercise-induced muscle damage in humans. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 81 Suppl. 11: S52-S69. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002060-200211001-00007
-
Clarkson, P.M., Nosaka, K. and Braun, B., 1992. Muscle function after exercise-induced muscle damage and rapid adaptation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 24: 512-520.
-
Conceição, A., Parraca, J., Marinho, D., Costa, M., Louro, H., Silva, A. and Batalha, N., 2018. Assessment of isometric strength of the shoulder rotators in swimmers using a handheld dynamometer: a reliability study. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics 20: 113-119.
-
Connett, R.J., Gayeski, T.E. and Honig, C.R., 1986. Lactate efflux is unrelated to intracellular PO2 in a working red muscle in situ. Journal of Applied Physiology 61: 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.2.402
-
Damas, F., Phillips, S.M., Libardi, C.A., Vechin, F.C., Lixandrão, M.E., Jannig, P.R., Costa, L.A., Bacurau, A.V., Snijders, T., Parise, G., Tricoli, V., Roschel, H. and Ugrinowitsch, C., 2016. Resistance training-induced changes in integrated myofibrillar protein synthesis are related to hypertrophy only after attenuation of muscle damage. Journal of Physiology 594: 5209-5222. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP272472
-
Douglas, J., Pearson, S., Ross, A. and McGuigan, M., 2017. Chronic adaptations to eccentric training: a systematic review. Sports Medicine 47: 917-941. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0628-4
-
Falvo, M.J., Schilling, B.K., Bloomer, R.J. and Smith, W.A., 2009. Repeated bout effect is absent in resistance trained men: an electromyographic analysis. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 19: e529-e535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.10.010
-
Fernandez-Gonzalo, R., Bresciani, G., de Souza-Teixeira, F., Hernandez-Murua, J.A., Jimenez-Jimenez, R., Gonzalez-Gallego, J. and de Paz, J.A., 2011. Effects of a 4-week eccentric training program on the repeated bout effect in young active women. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 10: 692-699.
-
Fridén, J., Sjöström, M. and Ekblom, B., 1983. Myofibrillar damage following intense eccentric exercise in man. International Journal of Sports Medicine 4: 170-176. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1026030
-
Gulick, D.T., Kimura, I.F., Sitler, M., Paolone, A. and Kelly, J.D., 1996. Various treatment techniques on signs and symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness. Journal of Athletic Training 31: 145-152.
-
Guyton, J. and Hall, M.E., 2010. Textbook of medical physiology. 13th ed. Elsevier, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
-
Hagströmer, M., Oja, P. and Sjöström, M., 2006. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutrition 9: 755-762. https://doi.org/10.1079/phn2005898
-
Hawes, M.R. and Martin, A.D., 2001. Human body composition. In: Eston, R.G. and Reilly, T. (eds.) Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology laboratory manual: tests, procedures and data. Routledge, London, UK, pp. 42-43.
-
Hight, R.E., Beck, T.W., Bemben, D.A. and Black, C.D., 2017. Adaptations in antagonist co-activation: role in the repeated-bout effect. PLoS ONE 12: e0189323. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189323
-
Hollander, D.B., Kraemer, R.R., Kilpatrick, M.W., Ramadan, Z.G., Reeves, G.V., Francois, M., Hebert, E.P. and Tryniecki, J.L., 2007. Maximal eccentric and concentric strength discrepancies between young men and women for dynamic resistance exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21: 34-40. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-18725.1
-
Hough, T., 1900. Ergographic studies in muscular fatigue and soreness. Journal of the Boston Society of Medical Science 5: 81-92.
-
Howatson, G. and Milak, A., 2009. Exercise-induced muscle damage following a bout of sport specific repeated sprints. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 23: 2419-2424. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bac52e
-
Jamurtas, A.Z., Theocharis, V., Tofas, T., Tsiokanos, A., Yfanti, C., Paschalis, V., Koutedakis, Y. and Nosaka, K., 2005. Comparison between leg and arm eccentric exercises of the same relative intensity on indices of muscle damage. European Journal of Applied Physiology 95: 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-005-1345-0
-
Jones, D.A., Newham, D.J., Round, J.M. and Tolfree, S.E., 1986. Experimental human muscle damage: morphological changes in relation to other indices of damage. Journal of Physiology 375: 435-448.
-
Leal Junior, E.C., Lopes-Martins, R.A., Baroni, B.M., De Marchi, T., Taufer, D., Manfro, D.S., Rech, M., Danna, V., Grosselli, D., Generosi, R.A., Marcos, R.L., Ramos, L. and Bjordal, J.M., 2009. Effect of 830 nm low-level laser therapy applied before high-intensity exercises on skeletal muscle recovery in athletes. Lasers in Medical Science 24: 857-863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-008-0633-4
-
Lin, M.-J., Chen, T.C., Chen, H.-L., Wu, B.-H. and Nosaka, K., 2015. Muscle damage protection by low-intensity eccentric contractions for the knee extensors and flexors. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 40: 150610143728006.
-
Manojlović, V. and Erčulj, F., 2019. Using blood lactate concentration to predict muscle damage and jump performance response to maximal stretch-shortening cycle exercise. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 59: 581-586. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08346-9
-
Mavropalias, G., Koeda, T., Barley, O.R., Poon, W.C.K., Fisher, A.J., Blazevich, A.J. and Nosaka, K., 2020. Comparison between high- and low-intensity eccentric cycling of equal mechanical work for muscle damage and the repeated bout effect. European Journal of Applied Physiology 120: 1015-1025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04341-5
-
McHugh, M.P., Connolly, D.A., Eston, R.G. and Gleim, G.W., 1999. Exercise-induced muscle damage and potential mechanisms for the repeated bout effect. Sports Medicine 27: 157-170.
-
Meneghel, A.J., Verlengia, R., Crisp, A.H., Aoki, M.S., Nosaka, K., Da Mota, G.R. and Lopes, C.R., 2014. Muscle damage of resistance-trained men after two bouts of eccentric bench press exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 28: 2961-2966. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000494
-
Muanjai, P., Mickevicius, M., Snieckus, A., Jones, D.A., Zachovajevas, P., Satkunskiene, D., Venckunas, T. and Kamandulis, S., 2021. Response of knee extensor muscle-tendon unit stiffness to unaccustomed and repeated high-volume eccentric exercise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18: 4510. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094510
-
Nasuka, N., Santosa, I., Setiowati, A. and Indrawati, F., 2018. Anaerobic capacity and blood lactate level of former elite athletes. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 434: 012157.
-
Newham, D.J., 1988. The consequences of eccentric contractions and their relationship to delayed onset muscle pain. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 57: 353-359. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00635995
-
Newton, M.J., Morgan, G.T., Sacco, P., Chapman, D.W. and Nosaka, K., 2008. Comparison of responses to strenuous eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors between resistance-trained and untrained men. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 22: 597-607. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181660003
-
Nosaka, K. and Clarkson, P.M., 1995. Muscle damage following repeated bouts of high force eccentric exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 27: 1263-1269.
-
Nosaka, K. and Newton, M., 2002. Concentric or eccentric training effect on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 34: 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200201000-00011
-
Nosaka, K., Sakamoto, K., Newton, M. and Sacco, P., 2001. How long does the protective effect on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage last? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 33: 1490-1495. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200109000-00011
-
Paschalis, V., Koutedakis, Y., Jamurtas, A.Z., Mougios, V. and Baltzopoulos, V., 2005. Equal volumes of high and low intensity of eccentric exercise in relation to muscle damage and performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 19: 184-188. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-14763.1
-
Piitulainen, H., Holobar, A. and Avela, J., 2012. Changes in motor unit characteristics after eccentric elbow flexor exercise. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 22: 418-429.
-
Proske, U. and Morgan, D.L., 2001. Muscle damage from eccentric exercise: mechanism, mechanical signs, adaptation and clinical applications. Journal of Physiology 537: 333-345. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.00333.x
-
Sayers, S.P., Peters, B.T., Knight, C.A., Urso, M.L., Parkington, J. and Clarkson, P.M., 2003. Short-term immobilization after eccentric exercise. Part I: contractile properties. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 35: 753-761.
-
Singhal, S., Bansal, R., Dewangan, G.C., Upadhyay, A.D., Dwivedi, S.N., Chatterjee, P., Chakrawarty, A. and Dey, A.B., 2020. Low one-repetition-maximum knee extension is significantly associated with poor grip strength, female sex, and various aging-related syndromes. Aging Medicine 3: 125-131. https://doi.org/10.1002/agm2.12109
-
Soomro, R.R., Karimi, H. and Gillani, S.A., 2022. Reliability of hand-held dynamometer in measuring gluteus medius isometric muscle strength in healthy population. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 38: 1238-1242. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5207
-
Souron, R., Nosaka, K. and Jubeau, M., 2018. Changes in central and peripheral neuromuscular fatigue indices after concentric versus eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. European Journal of Applied Physiology 118: 805-816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3816-0
-
Vanderthommen, M., Triffaux, M., Demoulin, C., Crielaard, J.M. and Croisier, J.L., 2012. Alteration of muscle function after electrical stimulation bout of knee extensors and flexors. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine 11: 592-599.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 785 | 177 | 21 |
| Full Text Views | 16 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 33 | 3 | 0 |
Repeated bout effect and muscle damage at variable eccentric exercise intensities in active young men: a longitudinal repeated measures investigation
In: Comparative Exercise PhysiologySearch for other papers by A. Rai in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by P. Bhati in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by S. Pal in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by P. Anand in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and repeated bout effect (RBE) are widely researched across various populations and at various intensities. Despite the existence of vast literature, there is lack of comparison of low versus submaximal versus maximal intensity required for preconditioning. The aim of the study was to compare the muscle damage and RBE at various intensities of eccentric exercise in active young men. Thirty-six healthy, physically active men were recruited and randomly assigned to three different groups low-high (L-H, n = 12), submaximal-high (M-H, n = 12) and maximal-high (H-H, n = 12). All participants performed 2 exercise bouts separated by 14 days. L-H, M-H and H-H groups performed low (10% of 1RM), moderate (50% of 1RM) and high (90% of 1RM) intensity eccentric exercise for knee extensors, respectively, in the 1st bout followed by high (100% of 1RM) intensity in the second bout. Muscle soreness (SOR), thigh circumference (CIR), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), range of motion (ROM) and blood lactate (Bl Lac) were measured before, immediately, at 24 h, at 48 h and at 72 h after exercise. A significant effect of time appeared for MVIC (
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 785 | 177 | 21 |
| Full Text Views | 16 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 33 | 3 | 0 |
