Mycotoxin bioaccessibility/absorption assessment usingin vitro digestion models: a review
In: World Mycotoxin JournalSearch for other papers by C.A. González-Arias in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by S. Marín in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by V. Sanchis in
Current site
Google Scholar
Search for other papers by A.J. Ramos in
Current site
Google Scholar
In the evaluation of the oral bioavailability of a mycotoxin, the first step is the determination of its bioaccessibility, i.e. the percentage of mycotoxin released from the food matrix during digestion in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that could be absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Differentin vitro digestion models have been recently used for determination of bioaccessibility, thereby avoiding the use of more complex cell culture techniques or the use of animals in expensivein vivo experiments.In vitro methods offer an appealing alternative to human and animal studies. They usually are rapid, simple and reasonably low in cost, and can be used to perform simplified experiments under uniform and well-controlled conditions, providing insights not achievable in whole animal studies. The availablein vitro methods for GI simulation differ in the design of the system, the composition of the physiological juices assayed, as well as in the use or not of intestinal microbiota. There are models that only simulate the upper part of the GI tract (mouth-stomach-small intestine), whereas other methods include the large intestine, so that the model chosen could have some influence on the bioaccessibility data obtained. Bioaccessibility depends on the food matrix, as well as on the contamination level and the way the food/feed is contaminated (spiked or naturally). This review focuses on the currently available data regardingin vitro digestion models for the study of the bioaccessibility or absorption of mycotoxins, detailing the characteristics of each digestion step and the importance of the physiological juices employed during digestion. The effect that different factors play on mycotoxin release from the food matrix in the GI tract is also considered, and existing data on bioaccessibility of the main mycotoxins are given.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
-
Allen, A. and Flemstrom, G., 2005. Gastroduodenal mucus bicarbonate barrier: protection against acid and pepsin. American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology 288: C1-C19.
'Gastroduodenal mucus bicarbonate barrier: protection against acid and pepsin ' () 288 American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology : C1 -C19.
-
Avantaggiato, G., Havenaar, R. and Visconti, A., 2003. Assessing the zearalenone-binding activity of adsorbent materials during passage through a dynamicin vitro gastrointestinal model. Food and Chemical Toxicology 41: 1283-1290.
'Assessing the zearalenone-binding activity of adsorbent materials during passage through a dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal model ' () 41 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 1283 -1290.
-
Avantaggiato, G., Havenaar, R. and Visconti, A., 2004. Evaluation of the intestinal absorption of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol by anin vitro gastrointestinal model, and the binding efficacy of activated carbon and other adsorbent materials. Food and Chemical Toxicology 42: 817-824.
'Evaluation of the intestinal absorption of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol by an in vitro gastrointestinal model, and the binding efficacy of activated carbon and other adsorbent materials ' () 42 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 817 -824.
-
Avantaggiato, G., Havenaar, R. and Visconti, A., 2007. Assessment of the multi-mycotoxin-binding efficacy of a carbon/aluminosilicate-based product in anin vitro gastrointestinal model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55: 4810-4819.
'Assessment of the multi-mycotoxin-binding efficacy of a carbon/aluminosilicate-based product in an in vitro gastrointestinal model ' () 55 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry : 4810 -4819.
-
Avantaggiato, G., Solfrizzo, M. and Visconti, A., 2005. Recent advances on the use of adsorbent materials for detoxification ofFusarium mycotoxins. Food Additives and Contaminants 22: 379-388.
'Recent advances on the use of adsorbent materials for detoxification of Fusarium mycotoxins ' () 22 Food Additives and Contaminants : 379 -388.
-
Bellí, N., Marín, S., Sanchis, V. and Ramos, A.J., 2002. Review: ochratoxin A (OTA) in wines, musts and grape juices: occurrence, regulations and methods of analysis. Food Science and Technology International 8: 325-335.
'Review: ochratoxin A (OTA) in wines, musts and grape juices: occurrence, regulations and methods of analysis ' () 8 Food Science and Technology International : 325 -335.
-
Berthiller, F., Krska, R., Domig, K.J., Kneifel, W., Juge, N., Schuhmacher, R. and Adam, G., 2011. Hydrolytic fate of deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside during digestion. Toxicology Letters 206: 264-267.
'Hydrolytic fate of deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside during digestion ' () 206 Toxicology Letters : 264 -267.
-
Boisen, S. and Eggum, B.O., 1991. Critical evaluation ofin vitro methods for estimating digestibility in simple-stomach animals. Nutrition Research Reviews 4: 141-162.
'Critical evaluation of in vitro methods for estimating digestibility in simple-stomach animals ' () 4 Nutrition Research Reviews : 141 -162.
-
Brandon, E.F.A., Baars, A.J., Te Biesebeek, J.D., Oomen, A.G., Bakker, M.I. and De Heer, C., 2012. Risk assessment of patulin intake from apple containing products by young children. World Mycotoxin Journal 5: 391-403.
'Risk assessment of patulin intake from apple containing products by young children ' () 5 World Mycotoxin Journal : 391 -403.
-
Brandon, E.F.A., Oomen, A.G., Rompelberg, C.J.M., Versantvoort, C.H.M., Van Engelen, J.G.M. and Sips, A.J.A.M., 2006. Consumer productin vitro digestion model: bioaccessibility of contaminants and its application in risk assessment. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 44: 161-171.
'Consumer product in vitro digestion model: bioaccessibility of contaminants and its application in risk assessment ' () 44 Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : 161 -171.
-
Brownlee, I.A., Forster, D.J., Wilcox, M.D., Dettmar, P.W., Seal, C.J. and Pearson, J.P., 2010. Physiological parameters governing the action of pancreatic lipase. Nutrition Research Reviews 23: 146-154.
'Physiological parameters governing the action of pancreatic lipase ' () 23 Nutrition Research Reviews : 146 -154.
-
Carey, M.C., Small, D.M. and Bliss, C.M., 1983. Lipid digestion and absorption. Annual Review of Physiology 45: 651-77.
'Lipid digestion and absorption ' () 45 Annual Review of Physiology : 651 -77.
-
Chen, D., Cao, X., Tao, Y., Wu, Q., Pan, Y., Huang, L., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Peng, D., Liu, Z. and Yuan, Z., 2012. Development of a sensitive and robust liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and a pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in animal derived foods. Journal of Chromatography A 1253: 110-119.
'Development of a sensitive and robust liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and a pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in animal derived foods ' () 1253 Journal of Chromatography A : 110 -119.
-
Clemens, E.T., Stevens, C.E. and Southworth, M., 1975. Sites of organic acid production and pattern of digesta movement in the gastrointestinaltract of swine. The Journal of Nutrition 105: 759-768.
'Sites of organic acid production and pattern of digesta movement in the gastrointestinaltract of swine ' () 105 The Journal of Nutrition : 759 -768.
-
Conigrave A.D. and Young, J.A., 1996. Function of the intestine. In: Greger, R. and Windhorst, U. (Eds.) Comprehensive human physiology, Vol. 2. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp. 1259-1287.
Comprehensive human physiology , () 1259 -1287.
-
Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST), 2003. Mycotoxins: risks in plant, animal and human systems. Task force report No. 139. CAST, Ames, IA, USA.
-
Dall’Asta, C., Mangia, M., Berthiller, F., Molinelli, A., Sulyok, M., Schuhmacher, R., Krska, R., Galaverna, G., Dossena, A. and Marchelli R., 2009. Difficulties in fumonisin determination: the issue of hidden fumonisins. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 395: 1335-1345.
'Difficulties in fumonisin determination: the issue of hidden fumonisins ' () 395 Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry : 1335 -1345.
-
Dänicke, S., Dusel, G., Jeroch, H. and Kluge, H., 1999. Factors affecting efficiency of NSP-degrading enzymes in rations for pigs and poultry. Agribiological Research 52: 1-24.
'Factors affecting efficiency of NSP-degrading enzymes in rations for pigs and poultry ' () 52 Agribiological Research : 1 -24.
-
De Angelis, I., Friggè, G., Raimondi, F., Stammati, A., Zucco, F. and Caloni, F., 2005. Absorption of fumonisin B1 and aminopentol on anin vitro model of intestinal epithelium; the role of P-glycoprotein. Toxicon 45: 285-291.
'Absorption of fumonisin B1 and aminopentol on an in vitro model of intestinal epithelium; the role of P-glycoprotein ' () 45 Toxicon : 285 -291.
-
De Nijs, M., Van den Top, H.J., Portier, L., Oegema, G., Kramer, E., Van Egmond, H.P. and Hoogenboom, L.A.P., 2012. Digestibility and absorption of deoxynivalenol-3-β-glucoside inin vitro models. World Mycotoxin Journal 5: 319-324.
'Digestibility and absorption of deoxynivalenol-3-β-glucoside in in vitro models ' () 5 World Mycotoxin Journal : 319 -324.
-
De Saeger, S. and Van Egmond, H., 2012. Special issue: masked mycotoxins. World Mycotoxin Journal 5: 203-206.
'Special issue: masked mycotoxins ' () 5 World Mycotoxin Journal : 203 -206.
-
Döll, S., Dänicke, S., Valenta H. and Flachowsky, G., 2004.In vitro studies on the evaluation of mycotoxin detoxifying agents for their efficacy on deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. Archives of Animal Nutrition 58: 311-324.
'In vitro studies on the evaluation of mycotoxin detoxifying agents for their efficacy on deoxynivalenol and zearalenone ' () 58 Archives of Animal Nutrition : 311 -324.
-
Dominy, N.J., Davoust, E. and Minekus, M., 2004. Adaptive function of soil consumption: anin vitro study modelling the human stomach and small intestine. Journal of Experimental Biology 207: 319-324.
'Adaptive function of soil consumption: an in vitro study modelling the human stomach and small intestine ' () 207 Journal of Experimental Biology : 319 -324.
-
Fernández-Cruz, M.L., Mansilla, M.L. and Tadeo, J.L., 2010. Mycotoxins in fruits and their processed products: analysis, occurrence and health implications. Journal of Advanced Research 1: 113-122.
'Mycotoxins in fruits and their processed products: analysis, occurrence and health implications ' () 1 Journal of Advanced Research : 113 -122.
-
Fernández-García, E., Carvajal-Lérida, I. and Pérez-Gálvez, A., 2009.In vitro bioaccessibility assessment as a prediction tool of nutritional efficiency. Nutrition Research 29: 751-760.
'In vitro bioaccessibility assessment as a prediction tool of nutritional efficiency ' () 29 Nutrition Research : 751 -760.
-
Forte, J.G., 1996. Gastric function. In: Greger, R. and Windhorst, U. (Eds.) Comprehensive human physiology, Vol. 2. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, pp. 1239-1257.
Comprehensive human physiology , () 1239 -1257.
-
Galaverna, G., Dall’Asta, C., Mangia, M., Dossena, A. and Marchelli, R., 2009. Masked mycotoxins: an emerging issue for food safety. Czech Journal of Food Science 27: S89-S92.
'Masked mycotoxins: an emerging issue for food safety ' () 27 Czech Journal of Food Science : S89 -S92.
-
Garret, D.A., Failla, M.L. and Sarama, R.J., 1999. Development of anin vitro digestion method to assess carotenoid bioavailability from meals. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 47: 4301-4309.
'Development of an in vitro digestion method to assess carotenoid bioavailability from meals ' () 47 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry : 4301 -4309.
-
Gawlik-Dziki, U., Dziki, D., Baraniak, B. and Lin, R., 2009. The effect of simulated digestionin vitro on bioactivity of wheat bread with tartary buckwheat flavones addition. Food Science and Technology 42: 137-143.
'The effect of simulated digestion in vitro on bioactivity of wheat bread with tartary buckwheat flavones addition ' () 42 Food Science and Technology : 137 -143.
-
Gil-Izquierdo, A., Zafrilla, P. and Tomás-Barverán, F.A., 2002. Anin vitro method to simulate phenolic compound release from the food matrix into the gastrointestinal tract. European Food Research and Technology 214: 155-159.
'An in vitro method to simulate phenolic compound release from the food matrix into the gastrointestinal tract ' () 214 European Food Research and Technology : 155 -159.
-
Grenier, B., Bracarense, A.-P.F.L., Schwartz, H.E., Trumel, C., Cossalter, A.-M., Schatzmayr, G., Kolf-Clauw, M., Moll, W.-D. and Oswald, I.P., 2012. The low intestinal and hepatic toxicity of hydrolized fumonisin B1 correlates with its inability to alter the metabolism of sphingolipids. Biochemical Pharmacology 83: 1465-1473.
'The low intestinal and hepatic toxicity of hydrolized fumonisin B1 correlates with its inability to alter the metabolism of sphingolipids ' () 83 Biochemical Pharmacology : 1465 -1473.
-
Hopmans, E.C., Hauck, C.C., Hendrich, S. and Murphy, P.A., 1997. Excretion of fumonisin B1, hydrolyzed fumonisin B1, and the fumonisin B1-fructose adduct in rats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 45: 2618-2625.
'Excretion of fumonisin B1, hydrolyzed fumonisin B1, and the fumonisin B1-fructose adduct in rats ' () 45 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry : 2618 -2625.
-
Jiang, Y.H., Yang, H.J. and Lund, P., 2012. Effect of aflatoxin B1 onin vitro ruminal fermentation of rations high in alfalfa hay or ryegrass hay. Animal Feed Science and Technology 175: 85-89.
'Effect of aflatoxin B1 on in vitro ruminal fermentation of rations high in alfalfa hay or ryegrass hay ' () 175 Animal Feed Science and Technology : 85 -89.
-
Jolliffe, D.M., 2009. Practical gastric physiology. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain 9: 173-177.
'Practical gastric physiology ' () 9 Continuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain : 173 -177.
-
Jovaní, M., Viadel, B., Laparra, M., Barberá, R. and Farré, R., 2004. Improvement of analytical conditions of mineral Caco-2 cell uptake assays. Food Science and Technology International 10: 197-201.
'Improvement of analytical conditions of mineral Caco-2 cell uptake assays ' () 10 Food Science and Technology International : 197 -201.
-
Kabak, B. and Ozbey, F., 2012a. Aflatoxin M1 in UHT-milk consumed in Turkey and first assessment of its bioaccessibility using anin vitro digestion model. Food Control 28: 338-344.
'Aflatoxin M1 in UHT-milk consumed in Turkey and first assessment of its bioaccessibility using an in vitro digestion model ' () 28 Food Control : 338 -344.
-
Kabak, B. and Ozbey, F., 2012b. Assessment of the bioaccessibility of aflatoxins from various food matrices using anin vitro digestion model, and the efficacy of probiotic bacteria in reducing bioaccessibility. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 27: 21-31.
'Assessment of the bioaccessibility of aflatoxins from various food matrices using an in vitro digestion model, and the efficacy of probiotic bacteria in reducing bioaccessibility ' () 27 Journal of Food Composition and Analysis : 21 -31.
-
Kabak, B., Brandon, E.F.A., Var, I., Blokland, M. and Sips, A.J.A.M., 2009. Effects of probiotic bacteria on the bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A using anin vitro digestion model under fed conditions. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B 44: 472-480.
'Effects of probiotic bacteria on the bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A using an in vitro digestion model under fed conditions ' () 44 Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B : 472 -480.
-
Kimura, H., Futami, Y., Tarui, S. and Shinomiya, T., 1982. Activation of human pancreatic lipase activity by calcium and bile-salts. Journal of Biochemistry 92: 243-251.
'Activation of human pancreatic lipase activity by calcium and bile-salts ' () 92 Journal of Biochemistry : 243 -251.
-
Kong, F. and Singh, R.P., 2009. Modes of disintegration of solid foods in simulated gastric environment. Food Biophysics 4: 180-190.
'Modes of disintegration of solid foods in simulated gastric environment ' () 4 Food Biophysics : 180 -190.
-
Larson, M., Minekus, M. and Havenaar, R., 1997. Estimation of the bioavailability of iron and phosphorus in cereals using a dynamicin vitro gastrointestinal model. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 73: 99-106.
'Estimation of the bioavailability of iron and phosphorus in cereals using a dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal model ' () 73 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture : 99 -106.
-
Liao, T., Hamosh, P. and Hamosh, M., 1984. Fat digestion by lingual lipase: mechanism of lipolysis in the stomach and upper small-intestine. Pediatric Research 18: 402-409.
'Fat digestion by lingual lipase: mechanism of lipolysis in the stomach and upper small-intestine ' () 18 Pediatric Research : 402 -409.
-
Marín, S., Ramos, A.J., Cano-Sancho, G. and Sanchis, V., 2012. Reduction of mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi in the Mediterranean basin maize chain. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 51: 93-118.
'Reduction of mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi in the Mediterranean basin maize chain ' () 51 Phytopathologia Mediterranea : 93 -118.
-
McIlvaine, T.C., 1921. A buffer solution for colorimetric comparaison. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 49: 183-186.
'A buffer solution for colorimetric comparaison ' () 49 The Journal of Biological Chemistry : 183 -186.
-
Meca, G., Font, G. and Ruiz, M.J., 2011. Comparative cytotoxicity study of enniatins A, A1, A2, B, B1, B4 and J3 on Caco-2 cells, Hep-G2 and HT-29. Food and Chemical Toxicology 49: 2464-2469.
'Comparative cytotoxicity study of enniatins A, A1, A2, B, B1, B4 and J3 on Caco-2 cells, Hep-G2 and HT-29 ' () 49 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 2464 -2469.
-
Meca, G., Mañes, J., Font, G. and Ruiz, M.-J., 2012a. Study of the potential toxicity of commercial crispy breads by evaluation of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of minorFusarium mycotoxins. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50: 288-294.
'Study of the potential toxicity of commercial crispy breads by evaluation of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of minor Fusarium mycotoxins ' () 50 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 288 -294.
-
Meca, G., Meneghelli, G., Ritieni, A., Mañes, J. and Font, G., 2012b. Influence of different soluble dietary fibers on the bioaccessibility of the minorFusarium mycotoxin beauvericin. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50: 1362-1368.
'Influence of different soluble dietary fibers on the bioaccessibility of the minor Fusarium mycotoxin beauvericin ' () 50 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 1362 -1368.
-
Meca, G., Zinedine, A., Blesa, J., Font, G. and Mañes, J., 2010. Further data on the presence ofFusarium emerging mycotoxins enniatins, fusaproliferin and beauvericin in cereals available on the Spanish markets. Food and Chemical Toxicology 48: 1412-1416.
'Further data on the presence of Fusarium emerging mycotoxins enniatins, fusaproliferin and beauvericin in cereals available on the Spanish markets ' () 48 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 1412 -1416.
-
Meyer, K., Mohr, K., Bauer, J., Horn, P. and Kovács, M., 2003. Residue formation of fumonisin B1 in porcine tissues. Food Additives and Contaminants 20: 639-647.
'Residue formation of fumonisin B1 in porcine tissues ' () 20 Food Additives and Contaminants : 639 -647.
-
Miller, D.D., Schricker, B.R., Rasmussen, R.R. and Van Campen, D., 1981. Anin vitro method for estimation of iron availability from meals. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34: 2248-2256.
'An in vitro method for estimation of iron availability from meals ' () 34 The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition : 2248 -2256.
-
Minekus, M., 1998. Development and validation of a dynamic model of the gastrointestinal tract. PhD Thesis, University of Utrecht. Elinkwijk, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
-
Minekus, M., 2005. Models of the gastrointestinal tract to study microbial interaction. In: Holzapfel, W.H. and Naughton, P.J. (Eds.) Microbial ecology in growing animals. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, pp. 142-154.
Microbial ecology in growing animals , () 142 -154.
-
Minekus, M., Marteau, P., Havenaar, R. and Huis in ‘t Veld, J.H.J., 1995. A multi compartmental dynamic computer-controlled model simulating the stomach and small intestine. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 23: 197-209.
'A multi compartmental dynamic computer-controlled model simulating the stomach and small intestine ' () 23 Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : 197 -209.
-
Minekus, M., Smeets-Peeters, M., Bernalier, A., Marol-Bonnin, S., Havenaar, R., Marteau, P., Airic, M., Fonty, G. and Huis in ‘t Veld, J.H.J., 1999. A computer controlled system to simulate conditions of the large intestine with peristaltic mixing, water absorption and absorption of fermentation products. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 53: 108-114.
'A computer controlled system to simulate conditions of the large intestine with peristaltic mixing, water absorption and absorption of fermentation products ' () 53 Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology : 108 -114.
-
Mobashar, M., Blank, R., Hummel, J., Westphal, A., Tholen, E. and Südekum, K.-H., 2012. Ruminal ochratoxin A degradation - contribution of the different microbial populations and influence of diet. Animal Feed Science and Technology 171: 85-97.
'Ruminal ochratoxin A degradation - contribution of the different microbial populations and influence of diet ' () 171 Animal Feed Science and Technology : 85 -97.
-
Molyneux, R.J., Mahoney, N., Kim, J.H. and Campbell, B.C., 2007. Mycotoxins in edible tree nuts. International Journal of Food Microbiology 119: 72-78.
'Mycotoxins in edible tree nuts ' () 119 International Journal of Food Microbiology : 72 -78.
-
Moss, M.O., 1992. Secondary metabolism and food intoxication-moulds. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 73 Suppl. 21: 80-88.
'Secondary metabolism and food intoxication-moulds ' () 73 Journal of Applied Bacteriology : 80 -88.
-
Motta, E.L. and Scott, P.M., 2009. Bioaccessibility of total bound fumonisin from corn flakes. Mycotoxin Research 25: 229-232.
'Bioaccessibility of total bound fumonisin from corn flakes ' () 25 Mycotoxin Research : 229 -232.
-
Oomen, A.G., Hack, A., Minekus, M., Zeijdner, E., Cornelis, C., Schoeters, G., Verstraete, W., Van de Wiele, T., Wragg, J., Rompelberg, C.J.M., Sips, A.J.A.M. and Van Wijnen, J.H., 2002. Comparison of fivein vitro digestion models to study the bioaccessibility of soil contaminants. Environmental Science and Technology 36: 3326-3334.
'Comparison of five in vitro digestion models to study the bioaccessibility of soil contaminants ' () 36 Environmental Science and Technology : 3326 -3334.
-
Oomen, A.G., Rompelberg, C.J., Bruil, M.A., Dobbe, C.J., Pereboom, D.P. and Sips, A.J., 2003. Development of anin vitro digestion model for estimating the bioaccessibility of soil contaminants. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 44: 281-287.
'Development of an in vitro digestion model for estimating the bioaccessibility of soil contaminants ' () 44 Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology : 281 -287.
-
Oomen, A.G., Rompelberg, C.J.M., Van De Kamp, E., Pereboom, D.P.K.H., De Zwart, L.L. and Sips, A.J.A.M., 2004. Effect of bile type on the bioaccessibility of soil contaminants in anin vitro digestion model. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 46: 183-188.
'Effect of bile type on the bioaccessibility of soil contaminants in an in vitro digestion model ' () 46 Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology : 183 -188.
-
Ortega, N., Reguant, J., Romero, M.P., Macià, A. and Motilva, M.J., 2009. Effect of fat content on the digestibility and bioaccessibility of cocoa polyphenol by anin vitro digestion model. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 57: 5743-5749.
'Effect of fat content on the digestibility and bioaccessibility of cocoa polyphenol by an in vitro digestion model ' () 57 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry : 5743 -5749.
-
Peijnenburg W. and Jager, T., 2003. Monitoring approaches to assess bioaccessibility and bioavailability of metals: matrix issues. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 56: 63-77.
'Monitoring approaches to assess bioaccessibility and bioavailability of metals: matrix issues ' () 56 Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety : 63 -77.
-
Placinta, C.M., D’Mello, J.P.F. and Macdonald, A.M.C., 1999. A review of worldwide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed withFusarium mycotoxins. Animal Feed Science and Technology 78: 21-37.
'A review of worldwide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with Fusarium mycotoxins ' () 78 Animal Feed Science and Technology : 21 -37.
-
Prandini, A., Tansini, G., Sigolo, S., Filippi, L., Laporta, M. and Piva, G., 2009. On the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products. Food and Chemical Toxicology 47: 984-991.
'On the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products ' () 47 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 984 -991.
-
Prelusky, D.B., Savard, M.E., and Trenholm, H.L., 1994. Pharmacokinetic fate of 14C-labelled fumonisin B1 in swine. Natural Toxins 2: 73-80.
'Pharmacokinetic fate of 14C-labelled fumonisin B1 in swine ' () 2 Natural Toxins : 73 -80.
-
Prelusky, D.B., Trenholm, H.L. and Savard, M.E., 1995. Pilot study on the plasma pharmacokinetics of fumonisin B1 in cows following a single dose by oral gavage or intravenous administration. Natural Toxins 3: 389-394.
'Pilot study on the plasma pharmacokinetics of fumonisin B1 in cows following a single dose by oral gavage or intravenous administration ' () 3 Natural Toxins : 389 -394.
-
Prosperini, A., Meca, G., Font, G. and Ruiz, M.J., 2012. Study of the cytotoxic activity of beauvericin and fusaproliferin and bioavailabilityin vitro on Caco-2 cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50: 2356-2361.
'Study of the cytotoxic activity of beauvericin and fusaproliferin and bioavailability in vitro on Caco-2 cells ' () 50 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 2356 -2361.
-
Raiola, A., Meca, G., García-Llatas, G. and Ritieni, A., 2012a. Study of thermal resistance andin vitro bioaccessibility of patulin from artificially contaminated apple products. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50: 3068-3072.
'Study of thermal resistance and in vitro bioaccessibility of patulin from artificially contaminated apple products ' () 50 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 3068 -3072.
-
Raiola, A., Meca, G., Mañes, J. and Ritieni, A., 2012b. Bioaccessibility of deoxynivalenol and its natural co-occurrence with ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 in Italian commercial pasta. Food and Chemical Toxicology 50: 280-287.
'Bioaccessibility of deoxynivalenol and its natural co-occurrence with ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 in Italian commercial pasta ' () 50 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 280 -287.
-
Ramos, A.J., Fink-Gremmels, J. and Hernández, E., 1996a. Prevention of toxic effects of mycotoxins by means of non-nutritive adsorbent compounds. Journal of Food Protection 59: 631-641.
'Prevention of toxic effects of mycotoxins by means of non-nutritive adsorbent compounds ' () 59 Journal of Food Protection : 631 -641.
-
Ramos, A.J., Hernández, E., Plá-Delfina, J.M and Merino, M., 1996b. Intestinal absorption of zearalenone andin vitro study of non-nutritive sorbent materials. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 128: 129-137.
'Intestinal absorption of zearalenone and in vitro study of non-nutritive sorbent materials ' () 128 International Journal of Pharmaceutics : 129 -137.
-
Rantonen, P., 2003. Salivary flow and composition in healthy and diseased adults. PhD Thesis. University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
-
Rodrigues, I. and Naehrer, K., 2012. A three-year survey on the worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs and feed. Toxins 4: 663-675.
'A three-year survey on the worldwide occurrence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs and feed ' () 4 Toxins : 663 -675.
-
Ruby, M.V., Davis, A., Schoof, R., Eberle, S. and Sellstone, C.M., 1996. Estimation of lead and arsenic bioavailability using a physiologically based extraction test. Environmental Science and Technology 30: 422-430.
'Estimation of lead and arsenic bioavailability using a physiologically based extraction test ' () 30 Environmental Science and Technology : 422 -430.
-
Ruby, M.V., Schoof, R., Brattin, W., Goldade, M., Post, G., Harnois, M., Mosby, D.E., Casteel, S.W., Berti, W., Carpenter, M., Edwards, D., Cragin, D. and Chappell, W., 1999. Advances in evaluating the oral bioavailability of inorganics in soil for use in human health risk assessment. Environmental Science and Technology 33: 3697-3705.
'Advances in evaluating the oral bioavailability of inorganics in soil for use in human health risk assessment ' () 33 Environmental Science and Technology : 3697 -3705.
-
Santini, A., Meca, G., Uhlig, S. and Ritieni, A., 2012. Fusaproliferin, beauvericin and enniatins: occurrence in food - a review. World Mycotoxin Journal 5: 71-81.
'Fusaproliferin, beauvericin and enniatins: occurrence in food - a review ' () 5 World Mycotoxin Journal : 71 -81.
-
Santos, L., Marín, S., Sanchis, V. and Ramos, A.J., 2010. Co-occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone inCapsicum powder samples available on the Spanish market. Food Chemistry 122: 826-830.
'Co-occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in Capsicum powder samples available on the Spanish market ' () 122 Food Chemistry : 826 -830.
-
Sasanya, J.J., Hall, C. and Wolf-Hall, C., 2008. Analysis of deoxynivalenol, masked deoxynivalenol, andFusarium graminearum pigment in wheat samples, using liquid chromatography-UV-mass spectrometry. Journal of Food Protection 71: 1205-1213.
'Analysis of deoxynivalenol, masked deoxynivalenol, and Fusarium graminearum pigment in wheat samples, using liquid chromatography-UV-mass spectrometry ' () 71 Journal of Food Protection : 1205 -1213.
-
Savoie, L., 1994. Digestion and absorption of food: usefulness and limitations ofin vitro models. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 72: 407-414.
'Digestion and absorption of food: usefulness and limitations of in vitro models ' () 72 Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology : 407 -414.
-
Scheideler, S.E., 1989. Effect of various types of alluminosilicates and aflatoxin on aflatoxin toxicity, bird performance and mineral status. Poultry Science 68 Suppl.1: 203.
'Effect of various types of alluminosilicates and aflatoxin on aflatoxin toxicity, bird performance and mineral status ' () 68 Poultry Science : 203.
-
Shier, W.T., 2000. The fumonisin paradox: a review of research on oral bioavailability of fumonisin B1, a mycotoxin produced byFusarium moniliforme. Journal of Toxicology - Toxin Reviews 19: 161-187.
'The fumonisin paradox: a review of research on oral bioavailability of fumonisin B1, a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme ' () 19 Journal of Toxicology - Toxin Reviews : 161 -187.
-
Simla, W., Porasuphatana, S. and Songsermsakul, P., 2009. Bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B1 in grinded corn and peanut byin vitro digestion model. Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 5: 108-113.
'Bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B1 in grinded corn and peanut by in vitro digestion model ' () 5 Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : 108 -113.
-
Smeets-Peeters, M.J.E., Minekus, M., Havenaar, R., Schaafsma, G. and Verstegen, M.W.A., 1999. Description of a dynamicin vitro model of the dog gastrointestinal tract and an evaluation of various transit times for protein and calcium. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 27: 935-949.
'Description of a dynamic in vitro model of the dog gastrointestinal tract and an evaluation of various transit times for protein and calcium ' () 27 Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : 935 -949.
-
Smeets-Peeters, M.J.E., Watson, T., Minekus, M. and Havenaar, 1998. A review of the physiology of the canine digestive tract related to the development ofin vitro systems. Nutrition Research Reviews 11: 45-69.
'A review of the physiology of the canine digestive tract related to the development of in vitro systems ' () 11 Nutrition Research Reviews : 45 -69.
-
Sweeney, M.J. and Dobson, A.D.W., 1998. Mycotoxin production byAspergillus,Fusarium andPenicillium species. International Journal of Food Microbiology 43:141-158.
'Mycotoxin production by Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium species ' () 43 International Journal of Food Microbiology : 141 -158.
-
Turcotte, A.-M. and Scott, P.M., 2011. Ochratoxin A in cocoa and chocolate sampled in Canada. Food Additives and Contaminants Part A 28: 762-766.
'Ochratoxin A in cocoa and chocolate sampled in Canada ' () 28 Food Additives and Contaminants Part A : 762 -766.
-
Versantvoort, C.H.M., Oomen, A.G., Van de Kamp, E., Rompelberg, C.J.M. and Sips, A.J.A.M., 2005. Applicability of anin vitro digestion model in assessing the bioaccessibility of mycotoxins from food. Food and Chemical Toxicology 43: 31-40.
'Applicability of an in vitro digestion model in assessing the bioaccessibility of mycotoxins from food ' () 43 Food and Chemical Toxicology : 31 -40.
-
Versantvoort, C.H.M., Van de Kamp, E. and Rompelberg, C.J.M., 2004. Development and applicability of anin vitro digestion model in assessing the bioaccessibility of contaminants from food. RIVM report 320102002/2004. Available at: http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/320102002.pdf.http://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/rapporten/320102002.pdf
-
Vertzoni, M., Dressman, J., Butler, J., Hempenstall, J. and Reppas, C., 2005. Simulation of fasting gastric conditions and its importance for thein vivo dissolution of lipophilic compounds. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 60: 413-417.
'Simulation of fasting gastric conditions and its importance for the in vivo dissolution of lipophilic compounds ' () 60 European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : 413 -417.
-
Vudathala, D.K., Prelusky, D.B., Ayroud, M., Trenholm, H.L. and Miller, J.D., 1994. Pharmacokinetic fate and pathological effects of 14C-fumonisin B1 in laying hens. Natural Toxins 2: 81-88.
'Pharmacokinetic fate and pathological effects of 14C-fumonisin B1 in laying hens ' () 2 Natural Toxins : 81 -88.
-
Westlake, K., Mackie, R.I. and Dutton, M.F., 1989.In vitro metabolism of mycotoxins by bacterial, protozoal and ovine ruminal fluid preparations. Animal Feed Science and Technology 25: 169-178.
'In vitro metabolism of mycotoxins by bacterial, protozoal and ovine ruminal fluid preparations ' () 25 Animal Feed Science and Technology : 169 -178.
-
Willis, H.J., Thomas, W., Willis, D.J. and Slavin, J.L., 2011. Feasibility of measuring gastric emptying time, with a wireless motility device, after subjects consume fiber-matched liquid and solid breakfasts. Appetite 57: 38-44.
'Feasibility of measuring gastric emptying time, with a wireless motility device, after subjects consume fiber-matched liquid and solid breakfasts ' () 57 Appetite : 38 -44.
-
Zeijdner, E.E., Avantaggiato, G., Sidler, S., Escribano, F., Visconti, A. and Havenaar, R., 2004. The use of a dynamicin vitro model of the gastrointestinal tract (TIM) in studying mycotoxin adsorbents. In: Barug, D., Van Egmond, H.P., López-garcía, R., Van Osenbruggen, W.A. and Visconti, A. (Eds.) Meeting the mycotoxin menace. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands, pp. 281-293.
Meeting the mycotoxin menace , () 281 -293.
-
Zeijdner, E.E., Sidler, S., Gómez, G., Havenaar, R. and Escribano., 2003. Efficacy of a natural smectite against aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone tested in a dynamicin vitro model of the gastric and small intestine of the pig. In: Book of abstracts, 2nd World Mycotoxin Forum, 17-18 February 2003, Noordwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands, p. 141.
Book of abstracts, 2nd World Mycotoxin Forum, 17-18 February 2003 , () 141.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 455 | 208 | 22 |
| Full Text Views | 36 | 4 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 34 | 10 | 0 |
Mycotoxin bioaccessibility/absorption assessment usingin vitro digestion models: a review
In: World Mycotoxin JournalSearch for other papers by C.A. González-Arias in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by S. Marín in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by V. Sanchis in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by A.J. Ramos in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
In the evaluation of the oral bioavailability of a mycotoxin, the first step is the determination of its bioaccessibility, i.e. the percentage of mycotoxin released from the food matrix during digestion in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that could be absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Differentin vitro digestion models have been recently used for determination of bioaccessibility, thereby avoiding the use of more complex cell culture techniques or the use of animals in expensivein vivo experiments.In vitro methods offer an appealing alternative to human and animal studies. They usually are rapid, simple and reasonably low in cost, and can be used to perform simplified experiments under uniform and well-controlled conditions, providing insights not achievable in whole animal studies. The availablein vitro methods for GI simulation differ in the design of the system, the composition of the physiological juices assayed, as well as in the use or not of intestinal microbiota. There are models that only simulate the upper part of the GI tract (mouth-stomach-small intestine), whereas other methods include the large intestine, so that the model chosen could have some influence on the bioaccessibility data obtained. Bioaccessibility depends on the food matrix, as well as on the contamination level and the way the food/feed is contaminated (spiked or naturally). This review focuses on the currently available data regardingin vitro digestion models for the study of the bioaccessibility or absorption of mycotoxins, detailing the characteristics of each digestion step and the importance of the physiological juices employed during digestion. The effect that different factors play on mycotoxin release from the food matrix in the GI tract is also considered, and existing data on bioaccessibility of the main mycotoxins are given.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 455 | 208 | 22 |
| Full Text Views | 36 | 4 | 0 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 34 | 10 | 0 |
