Index
A-effect. see V-effekt, Verfremdungseffekt
Abolition 37
,
45
,
49
,
51
Abolitionism 28 –29 151n5
,
152
Danish 45
,
56 –57
Adonis 9
,
19
,
28 –29 33
,
35 –36 38
Aesthetic 4n10
,
19
,
21
,
22
,
27
,
35
,
41 –2 65
,
109
,
150
,
153
,
164 –5 194
,
213
practice 5, 10–13, (feminist) 111
,
173 –75 178
,
182 –83
representation 36
,
63
,
84
,
200
regime 111
,
115
,
117
,
121
,
123 Rancière
desire (Baudelaire) 120
of the theatre 130 –31 138 –40
of the museum. see Display case, Museum
Aesthetics 5 –6 8 –9 11 –13 40
,
60
,
110
,
116
of excess/exaggeration 65
,
79
of “doubled-voiced discourse,” 66 –68
film 196
,
203
Affection-image 193
,
202 –205 208
Affective 202 –205 212 –13
Agency 12
,
32
,
134
,
145
,
177
,
188
,
195
historical 110 –11 114 –15 121
,
123
masculine 173
,
175
reader/spectator 134
Alienation 55
,
94
,
129
,
141
,
146 Verfremdungseffekt
Allegory, (H.C. Andersen) 42 –45 48 –50 52 –53 60
,
157
(Baudelaire) 157
,
161
,
165
“Anaconda” (Minaj). see Minaj
Andersen, H.C. 41 –60
Andersen, Jens 45
,
49
Archive 4
,
7 –8 20
Hutchins Center for African and African American Research 5
transatlantic slave trade 23
Art 1 –8 11
contemporary 2
,
12
,
173 –91
history 105
,
184 –88 Visual art
Ashcroft, Bill 119
Aunt Jemima 9
,
63
,
65
,
67
,
71 –74 76
,
79
,
81 –63
“Old Aunt Jemima” (song) 69 –70
Baartman, Sara 1 –4 7 –9 42 –4 52 –5 59
,
67
,
79
,
95n23
,
151
,
184
autopsy report 3 –4 7
,
11
exhibition 56
,
174 –76
portrayal in Venus (Parks) 129 –47
portrayal in Vénus noire (Kechiche) 13
,
193
, 195 (Saartjie)
199
,
204 –13
“Baby Got Back” (Sir Mix-a-Lot). see Sir Mix-a-Lot
Barker, Jennifer 210
Barthes, Roland 123
,
182
,
188
Bas bleu déclamant sa pièce, Le (Daumier) 162
Baudelaire, Charles 10
,
12
,
108 –109 111 –15 116 –18 120
,
124
,
149 –70
Beaumont, Mme de 48n21
Beer, Gillian 167
Behn, Aphra 31
Benjamin, Walter 67
,
111
,
122 –24 135n19
Birth of Venus, The (Botticelli) 93
,
142 –43
Blackface 65
,
67 –71
Black female body 1 –8 13
,
26 –7 30 –4 91 –6 105
, 193
Walker, K., Minaj, Desire
Black Venus 1 –13
contemporary parody. see Walker, K., Minaj
in fairy tale. see Andersen, H.C., Fairy tale
Italian imperial propaganda 89 –105
theatre and the spectacle. see Parks
semantic re-figurations. see Gilroy
short story. see Carter
in Baudelaire. see Baudelaire
displayed bodies. see Display case, Museum
in film. see Kechiche, Dreyer
Blake, William 9
,
19
,
24 –26 30
,
37
Europe Supported by Africa and America 25
Body 1
,
3
,
52
,
64
,
102
,
151
,
165
,
169
,
129 –47 173 –91 196 –98 204
,
206 –9 Black Female Body, Desire
Brecht, Bertolt 22
,
129
,
133
,
137
,
140
,
144 –46 141n29 Epic theatre, Verfremdungseffekt
Calasso, Roberto 169
Campassi, Gabriella 92n11
Caponetto, Rosetta Giuliani 95
Carter, Angela 10
,
108 –15 118 –24
Cartesian 200 –201 203
Certeau, Michel de 110n7
Chambers, Ross 110
,
121
Cinema, (narrative) 4
,
11
, 98
,
193 –214 Deleuze, Cinematography, Gaze
Camerawork, Haptic, Kechiche, Dreyer
Cinematography 13
,
193
,
196 –214
Christian viii of Denmark 45
,
56
Close-up 13
,
193
, 196
,
202 –204 206 –207
Cognitive 11
,
13
,
129 –31 146
,
193
,
200
,
203
,
205
,
209
,
213
Colonial 5
,
8 –12 19 –21 23 –4 37
,
41 –6 54 –6 58 –60 65
,
79
,
89 –94 104 –5 133
,
142
,
151
,
155
,
170
,
177
,
184 –6 189
,
193n1
,
207
imagery 92
fantasies 96 –100
power dynamics 111 –13 119 –20 123 Gaze, Universal Exhibition
Colonialism 9
,
19
,
170
,
186
Denmark 44 –45 51
,
55 –56 59
Italy 90 –105
Compagnon, Antoine 153
Conrad, Joseph 50
Contact zone 27 Pratt
Cuvier, Georges 3 –5 7
,
43n7
,
137n23
,
151
,
176
in Vénus noire 193n
,
206 –208
Daumier, Honoré 161 –63 165
,
167
Le Bas bleu déclamant sa pièce 162
Decadence 165 –66 168
Decolonization 177
Degeneration 89
,
91
,
94 –95 102
,
104
Deleuze, Gilles 193
,
196
,
202 –205 210n36
Deserts of Libya, The (Il deserto di Libya, Tobino) 89 –90 96 –100 105
Desire 3
,
8 –9 13
,
19 –20 29 –30 34
,
36 –7 43 –4 82
,
142
,
144 –46
and repulsion 5
,
52
,
95
,
137
object of 31n18
and knowledge production 65
,
79
,
83
,
111
, 174–95
male 69
,
78
,
97 –99 101
,
103
,
112
,
114
,
120
,
123
,
197
,
199
,
204
ocular 156 –59 200 Gaze
Displacement 19
,
22 –24 31 –32 163
,
165
Display case 12
,
173 –84 187 –90
Dreyer, Carl Theodor 13
,
193 –94 196 –98 202 –204 206
,
208
,
212 –13
Dundes, Alan 46
Duval, Jeanne 10
,
108 –109 111 –15
Duve, Arne 54
Embodied 9
,
63
,
67
,
72
,
82
,
108
spectatorship in cinema 196
,
208
,
210
,
212 –13 Walker, K.
Epic theatre 11
,
129 –31 133n11
,
138
,
141
,
146 Theatre
Epistemology
,
8
,
10 –11 129
,
131
,
194
,
197
,
200
,
203
,
205
Ethical 5
,
11
,
13
,
134
,
150
,
196
,
200
,
213
Europe Supported by Africa and America (Blake) 19, 24–25
Exposition universelle. see Universal Exposition
Face 97–98, 193 –213
Fairy tale 9 –10 41 –44 49
,
108
,
121 –24 Folklore
Falconetti, Renée Maria 194
,
212
Felsenstein, Frank 21n
,
22n
,
23n7
,
27n14
Flaiano, Ennio 10
,
89 –102 104 –105
Feminism 76
,
109
,
195
Feminist 1
,
10
,
111
,
114 –15 118
,
161
,
186
,
197 –98
“Anaconda,” 2 –3 Minaj
post-feminist 65 –67 76
,
78
black feminist thought 74
film criticism 98
white 108 –109 121
,
124
Figure 4 –5 7 see Black Venus, Hottentot Venus, Spivak
Figuration 2
,
5 –8 10 –11 13
,
19
,
27
,
129 –47 193 –94 196
Flaubert, Gustave 117
,
161
Focalizer 5
,
26 –28 91
,
97
,
99 –101
Folklore 46 –48 121
,
123
Foucault, Michel 12
,
149
,
155 –56
Freak 130 –32 134
,
145
,
150
,
195
phenomena 137
,
146
,
166 Freak show
Frederik vii of Denmark 51
Fusco, Coco 12
,
173 –74 188 –90
Gamble, Sarah 110
Gates, Jr., Henry Louis 66
,
79
,
84
Gautier, Théophile 153
,
168 –69
Gaze
Colonial and imperial 5
,
10
,
12
,
103
,
151
,
186
male, objectifying 13
,
26
, 30
,
31n19
,
89 –90 97 –105 132
,
197 –99
and the museum 12
,
173 –78 183 –84 186
,
188
,
190
white 63
,
65
,
70
oppositional 75
,
84
to, defined. see Schroeder
alienating 150
and the cinema 193 –199 203n21
,
205 –208 212 –13
Gender 13
,
19 –23 28n15
,
34
,
37
,
91
,
93 –95 105
,
109
,
130 –31 134 –35 137
,
159
,
170
,
185 –86
performance 29
in blackface comedy 69 Masculinity, Looking relations, Feminism
Gendered
Gendered 8 –9 11 –13 178
,
194
division of labor 31
power dynamics 67
,
186
typecasting 200
,
207
,
210 Gender
Genre 8 –10 19
,
23n8
,
27n14
,
42 –43 50
,
60
,
75
,
108
,
113 –14 121 –24
Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Étienne 166 –67
Gilman, Sander L. 1
,
6
,
35
,
55n51
,
95n23
,
144
,
151n5
Gilroy, Beryl 9
,
19 –24 27 –38
Gjerden, Jorunn S. 96
,
108n1
Glass case. see Display case
Glissant, Édouard 195n
Gómez-Peña, Guillermo 12
,
173 –74 188 –90
Gordon-Chipembere, Natasha 8
,
52
,
54 –55
Gould, Stephen 1
,
8
Grønbech, Bo 46 –47
Hajamadi, Fariba 12
,
173 –74 178 –84 186
Hamlet (Shakespeare) 142
Hands 193
,
206 –11
Hansen, Thorkild 42n6
,
47n16
,
51
,
56 –57 59
Haptic 13
,
193
,
208 –10 212 –13
Henderson, Mae G. 4n10
,
14
Heterotopia 12
,
149
,
155 –57 169 –70
Hip hop 4n10
,
75 –78 144
Historical
context 5
,
8
,
20
,
42
,
44
,
49
,
54
,
59
,
83
,
109
,
113
representation 9
,
66
,
115
, 174
novel 22 –23
romance 23n8
fabrication 55
“imagined” Baartman 135
construct 123
,
200
History 11 –12 19
,
24
,
63
,
70
,
72 –74 79
,
81 –84 111
,
113 –14 117 –18 142
African American 63 –84
post/colonial 3
,
9 –10 23
,
41 –42 44
,
55 –56 59 –60 109
of Black Venus 5
,
8
repackaged, remixed 6 –7 24
,
131 –32 135
alternative 20 –21
natural, scientific 12
,
149 –51 158
,
165
visual and art 65
,
173
, 178
,
183 –86 188 –89 194, 197 African American, Historical, Colonial
Hottentot apron 1
,
31n19
,
54 –55
Hottentot Venus 3n8
,
8
,
12
,
31n19
,
34n20
,
64
,
67
,
77
,
79
,
82
, 84, 95n23
,
135n19
,
136
,
142
,
144
,
174 –76 189
,
193
, 197, 203
,
199
,
207
in Baudelaire 149 –159 165
,
170
Hutcheon, Linda 66
,
112n11
,
113n
,
114
,
120 Repetition, Parody
Hysteria 163 –65
Ideology 8
,
20 –21 27 –28 32
,
36
,
42n5
,
68 –69 123
blackness as construct 34n20
fascist 89
,
94
bourgeois 124
Imagination 7
,
10
,
108 –10 122 –23 133n11
,
137
,
143
,
168
,
174 –76
in Baudelaire 115
,
150
,
153
,
156
,
160
,
169
,
170
Imaginary. see Imagination, Colonial
Imperialism 9
,
10
,
41 –42 49
,
108 –21 124
,
133
,
137
,
155 –56 170
Italian 89 –92 102 –105
Imperialist. see Imperialism
Irony 21 –22 28
,
30
,
36
,
38
,
53
,
56
,
96
,
100
,
105
,
113
,
140
,
140
,
143
,
146
,
150
,
153
,
156
,
161
,
164 –65 170
,
213
Italiani brava gente 104
Jeanne d’Arc 13
,
193 –97 200 –204 208 –209 212 –13
Jegerstedt, Kari 59
,
96
,
195n6
Jezebel 9
,
63
,
65
,
67
,
74 –77 80 –84
Joan of Arc see Jeanne D’Arc
Jørgensen, Aage 56
Kaplan, Ann E. 103 –105
Kechiche, Abdellatif 2
,
13
,
193 –98 199n12
,
206
,
209
,
211 –14
Kinaesthetic 193
,
210
,
211
,
213
Knowledge production 8
,
11
,
13
,
174 –75 193
,
195
,
200
,
206
Kofoed, Niels 53 –54
Land of the Covenant 58 –59
Larsen, Ebba Kathrine 57
Legend 19
,
23 –24 27 –28 151n5
of Sara Baartman 42
,
55
,
59
“Les Épaves” (Mme Reybaud) 46
,
49
Literature 8 –11 19 –38 41 –60 89 –105 108 –25 129 –147 149 –70 Poetry
Lewis, Robin Coste 6 –7
Ligon, Richard 21n
,
23
Looking relations 103 –105 197 Gaze
Ma Rainey 67
,
70 –76 79
“Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom,” 70 –76 79
Magubane, Zine 34n20
,
44
,
55n51
Marker, Frederick J. 51
Marks, Laura 200 –201 208
Masculinity 10
,
29
,
69
,
75
,
89
,
94
,
101
,
104
Materiality 201
,
206
,
208
Matoaka 19 –20
Matus, Jill 111
,
112n12
,
113n13
,
114 –15 120
Mauron, Charles 167
Mbeki, Thabo 1
,
14
Medicine show 64
Melancholia 153
,
154n21
,
157
,
163 –65
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 196
,
210n36
Metaphor. see Replacement
Metonymy. see Displacement
Michelet, Jules 117
Miller, J. Hillis 200 –201
Minaj, Nicki 2 –3 9 –10 65 –69 74 –79 82 –84
“Anaconda,” 2 –3 9
,
75
,
77
,
78
Minstrel show 64
,
68 –69 70 –72 79
,
83
Minstrelsy 65
,
67 –70 74
Modernity 91
,
150
,
153 –56
anti-modernity 153
Monster 12
,
149 –70 See also Freak show
Mortensen, Klaus P. 54
Moses 49
,
57 –59
Mulvey, Laura 98
,
103
,
198 –99 204
Munford, Rebecca 114 –15 120
Museum 7
,
11 –12 64
,
156 –59 173 –91
Madame Tussauds 65
,
76
,
84
of “living curiosities,” 149 –60 166 –70
Mute speech. see Rancière
Myth 142 –43 157
,
165
,
169
, 174
of racial hierarchy 4
,
102
,
104–105
of Venus and Adonis 9
,
19 –21 29
,
35
,
37
Egyptian mythology 54 Adonis, Aunt Jemima, Carter
Nadar, Félix 113
,
152n9
Napoleon iii 154
Narrative 6 –10, 19 21 –23 26–38
,
52
,
91
,
97
,
103
,
108
,
112 –13 115
,
145
,
156n18
“Black Venus narrative” (Sharpley-Whiting) 43
slave 37
travel 71n36
cinema 98
,
194 –96 198 –99 201 –202 208
Western, hegemonic 110
,
182 –3 186
,
190
counter- 189
Nochlin, Linda 183 –84
Objectification 77 –78 84
,
132 –34 137
,
142
,
176 –77 188
,
193 –214
Oral tradition 10
,
108
,
121 –23
Ongetiteld (Rose) 186 –88
Onlooker 74 –76 82 –83 186 Gaze
Opacity 195n6
,
200
Oriental 8
,
57 –58 98
,
100
,
102
,
104
,
140
,
146
,
148
,
168
, 182
Orientalism 8
,
57n2
,
58
,
98 –114 120
,
133n1
,
184
Orientalist 114
, 120, (Gérôme)
183 –84
Origin of Man 165 –70
Other 4n10
,
10
,
21 –23 28
,
65 –66 82
,
84
,
97
,
101
,
103 –105 109
,
119
,
133
,
136 –37 139
Spivak 112
,
114
,
120 Othering
Othering 183 –84 193 –95 197 –98
imperialist (Spivak) 120
Oxfeldt, Elisabeth 41 –42 49
,
58
Palma, Silvana 92
Parks, Suzan-Lori 11
,
82
,
129
,
129 –47
Parody 4n10
,
9
,
28
,
63
,
66
,
73
,
77 –79 111
,
142
,
157 –58 163
,
207 Signifyin(g), Hutcheon
Perception 26
,
129
,
135
,
146
,
201 –206 208 –10 Cartesian, Haptic
Performative 13
,
193
,
196
,
204 –205 210
,
211n39
,
213
Peripheral seeing 205 –206
Perspective 193
,
200 –205 214
Phantasm 42
,
49
,
53
Pascal, Blaise 167 –68
Pocahontas. see Matoaka
Poe, Edgar Allan 163
Poetry 149 –170
Polezzi, Loredana 90n5
Ponzanesi, Sandra 92 –93
Postcolonial 2 –3 8 –10 44
,
90
,
105
,
108
,
177
,
193n1
critique 173 –74 187 Colonial, History
Pratt, Mary Louise 27n13
,
90
Preciosity (précieuse) 161 –63 168
Progress 150
,
153 –57 167 –70
Prostitution 12
,
34
,
78
,
149 –55 158 –60 170
Qureshi, Sadiah 43 –44
Rose, Tracey 173 –74 176n4
,
184 –90
Race, (intersectionality) 9
,
12
,
19 –22 32 –34 43n7
,
70
,
79
,
94
,
109
,
130
,
132
,
133n11
,
137
,
144
,
149
,
152
,
170
,
200
,
206
mixed 44 –45 49
,
53
,
56
,
95n23
as spectacle 131
,
135
,
143
,
147
theory, (Gobineau) 166
, (Gautier)
168 –69 Racialized, Racism
Racialized 1 –2 9
,
11
,
13
,
20 –21 123
,
194
,
195n4
,
200
,
207
,
210
markers 6 Race
Racism 66 –67 78 –79 83
,
95n23
,
133n11
,
177
Rancière, Jacques 10
,
24
,
124
distribution of the sensible 26
,
110
aesthetic regime 111
,
115 –16
mute speech 117 –18
Rape 29
,
35 –36 42
,
77
,
79
,
101
,
104
Regeneration 91 94
,
100 –102 104
“Repetition with critical difference” (Hutcheon) 9
,
63
,
66
,
77 –79 81
,
84
Replacement 19
,
22 –23 32
,
34
,
37
Representative regime 116
,
118 Rancière
Re-presentation 108
Re-vision. see Rich
Mme Reybaud 46 “Les Épaves”
Rice, Thomas D. “Daddy,” 68
Rich, Adrienne 66
Robecchi-Bricchetti, Luigi 89 –90
Ross, Alison 117
Rothenberg, Molly Anne 7
,
7n20
,
15
Rømer, Ludewig Ferdinand 51
Sage, Lorna 109
Said, Edward W. 120n34
,
182
,
184
Sanyal, Debarati 151
,
170
Schmid, Susanne 120
Schneider, Marcel 102
Schroeder, Jonathan 97 –98
Schyff, Karlien van der 59
Scopophilia 65
,
82
Sega, Maria Teresa 92n2
Scandinavian 5
,
41
Sexism 24
,
83
,
177
Sexuality 5
,
20
,
26
,
28n15
,
29
,
31 –32 35
,
37
,
42 –44 71
,
77
,
109
, 137, 165
deviant 48
and love 52 –54 55 –56 59
and taboo 57
black female 63 –70 144
, 147 (Baartman)
9
,
143
,
146 –47
Sexual violence 45
,
46
,
60
,
79
Shakespeare, William 33 Hamlet
Sharpley-Whiting, T. Denean 4
,
5
,
11
,
43
,
55n51
,
197
Short Cut, The (Tempo di uccidere, Flaiano) 90, 104–106
,
105
Signifyin(g) 9
,
63
,
66
,
79 Gates
Sir Mix-a-Lot 2 –3 78
Sideshow 64
,
137n20
,
178
Slavery 7 –8 20 –23 26
,
31
,
33
,
37
,
45
,
47n16
,
49
,
51
,
53
,
79
,
82 –84 91
, 134
Abolition, Abolitionism
Smith, John 19
Sòrgoni, Barbara 95n23
Stead, Evanghelia 165 –66
Stefani, Giulietta 10
,
89
,
93 –95 101
Space 7 –8 120
,
156
,
164
,
174
,
178 –79 184
,
189 –90 201
,
203 –204
narrative 28
imaginary 115
colonial 119
for the Other 133
counter- 149 –50 155
allegorized 157 Museum, Spatial
Span ii (Rose) 187–88
Spatial 10 –11 115
,
156
,
203 –208 211
,
213 Looking relations, Affective, Close-up, Space
Spectacle 11
,
65
,
83
,
112
,
129 –47 183
, 197, 201
Spectating bodies 131
,
146
,
173 –91
Spectator 11 –12 65 –66 78 –79 82 –84 98
,
129
,
139 –47
object looking back at 173 –75 177
,
182
,
184 –91
of dialectical theatre 134 –35 139
,
141
and visual involvement 197
,
199
,
205 –207 Spectatorship, Gaze, Kinasthetics
Spectatorship 11–13
theatrical 130
urban space 149
bodily 193
cinematic 196
,
206
,
208
,
213
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty 8
,
124 –25
on the figure 5
,
20
,
59n69
postcolonial reason 109
,
112
,
114
,
120
un-learning 173 –74 177 –78 191 Unlearning, Other, Othering
Stedman, John Gabriel 23
,
31n17
,
37
Stefani, Giuletta 10
,
89
,
93 –4 101
,
104
Stereotype 4n10
,
8 –11 13
,
20
,
26 –27 38
,
65
,
67
,
71 –73 77
,
81 –84 89
,
95n23
,
111
,
131
,
139 –40 161n47
,
194
,
209
,
213
Subtlety, A. see Walker, K.
Sugar Baby. see Walker, K.
Svalesen, Leif 53n43
Švrljuga, Željka 96
,
108n
,
135n19
,
195n6
Symbolism 9
,
24 –26 28
,
36 –37 42
,
45
,
47
,
54
,
63
, 74, 78, 92n11, 140,
142
,
144 –45
in Blake 24 –38
of Baartman 59
,
135
,
176
,
195
,
207
degeneration 102
, 104, (evil)
165
of social unity 157
,
185 Aunt Jemima, Black Venus
Tabula rasa 119 –20
Tactile 206
,
208 –209
Theatre 5
,
11
,
45 –53 56
,
129 –47 Andersen, H.C., Brecht, Epic theatre, Parks
Transatlantic slave trade 9
,
23
, 29
,
46 –47 51
,
53
Tobino, Mario 10
,
89
,
90
,
101 –103 Deserts of Libya, The
Topsøe-Jensen, Helge 44
,
52
Torres, Yahima 194
Typecast(ing). see Stereotype
Un-Begotten/Nude (Hajamadi) 178
,
181
Universal Exposition 154 –57
Unlearning 8
,
11
,
12
, 150
Spivak, “un-learning”
Un-Remembered/Dancer (Hajamadi) 178–79
Un-Sleeping/Bride, (Hajamadi) 178
,
180
Vall, Reneé van de 200 –201 205 –206
V-effekt. see Verfremdungseffekt
Venus (Parks) 129 –47
Vénus noire, scene (Kechiche) 198
,
209
Verfremdungseffekt 11, 133n13
,
139
Viewer. see Spectator
Virey, Julien-Joseph 152
Vitrine. see Display case
Visual arts 2
,
11 –12 63 –84 173 –91 197
, 200, 205
Visual pleasure. see Mulvey
Voice 10, 27n14
,
32
,
36
,
38
,
77
,
84
, 88, 91
,
101 –102 104
,
108 –24 136
, 170
“double-voiced discourse” see Aesthetics. Also see Hutcheon
Walker, Barbara G. 54
Walker, Kara 2
,
9
,
63 –70 73 –74 78 –84
A Subtlety 64
,
79 –80 163
Warner, Marina 51
,
57n62
,
60
Willis, Deborah 2
,
8